Communication Method And Communications Apparatus

ABSTRACT

A transmit end obtains a frequency hopping parameter and resource allocation information of a to-be-transmitted message, where the frequency hopping parameter includes at least one of bandwidth part indication information, beam indication information, reference signal configuration information, subcarrier spacing indication information, transmission waveform indication information, slot type indication information, channel type indication information, or transmission carrier indication information. The transmit end determines, based on the resource allocation information and the frequency hopping parameter, a physical resource used to send the to-be-transmitted message, where the physical resource includes information about a frequency domain resource on which the to-be-transmitted message is mapped in at least one time unit. The transmit end sends the to-be-transmitted message by using the physical resource.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of International Application No.PCT/CN2018/080333, filed Mar. 23, 2018, which claims priority to ChinesePatent Application No. 201710179572.4, filed on Mar. 23, 2017. Thedisclosures of the aforementioned applications are hereby incorporatedby reference in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments of this application relate to the field of communicationstechnologies, and in particular, to a communication method and acommunications apparatus.

BACKGROUND

In a wireless communications system, reliability and transmissionperformance of a wireless transmission are an important researchdirection in the industry. When performing a wireless transmission, aterminal needs to maximize reliability and transmission performance ofthe wireless transmission as much as possible. As shown in FIG. 1,signal levels in different frequency bands may rise and fall. When afrequency band occupied by a terminal is at a frequency domain locationwith a relatively low level, communication performance is very poor. Foran application scenario such as semi-persistent scheduling (SPS),multi-subframe scheduling, and a multi-subframe retransmission in whichone piece of scheduling information triggers a plurality oftransmissions, or a scenario in which there are a plurality of timedomain transmission resources for one data packet, if a frequency bandthat is occupied by a terminal is always at a frequency with arelatively low signal level, performance of a plurality of transmissionsof the terminal is very poor.

A method for optimizing wireless transmission performance is a frequencyhopping transmission. In the frequency hopping transmission,to-be-transmitted data of a same terminal is not transmitted at a fixedfrequency, to avoid a problem that transmission performance of theterminal keeps very poor when a frequency is in deep fading.

In a 5th generation (5G) communications system, a baseband transmissionbandwidth supported by a system on a single carrier can be up to 400MHz, in other words, a maximum system bandwidth can be 400 MHz.Terminals of different capability types support different basebandbandwidths. Some terminals can support an entire system bandwidth. Theseterminals may be referred to as high-bandwidth terminals. However, someterminals can support only a part of the system bandwidth. Theseterminals may be referred to as low-bandwidth terminals. The 5Gcommunications system requires that the low-bandwidth terminals and thehigh-bandwidth terminals can work simultaneously. A prior-art frequencyhopping transmission solution is designed based on a case in which aterminal can perform communication on an entire system bandwidth. If alow-bandwidth terminal performs, based on the prior-art frequencyhopping transmission solution, a frequency hopping transmission on apart of a system bandwidth supported by the low-bandwidth terminal, anda high-bandwidth terminal performs, based on the prior-art frequencyhopping transmission solution, a frequency hopping transmission on anentire system bandwidth supported by the high-bandwidth terminal, thereis a problem that transmission resources collide for different terminalsin terms of bandwidths. To avoid a collision of transmission resources,more resources need to be reserved. Consequently, more unusable resourcefragments are generated.

How to design a unified frequency hopping solution for both alow-bandwidth terminal and a high-bandwidth terminal so that the twotypes of terminals can simultaneously multiplex time-frequency resourcesof an entire system is a problem that needs to be resolved.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and acommunications apparatus, to resolve a problem that a collision occurswhen terminals having different baseband bandwidth supportingcapabilities multiplex transmission resources.

The specific technical solutions provided in the embodiments of thisapplication are as follows:

According to a first aspect, a communication method is provided, wherethe method is applied to a transmit end and includes: obtaining afrequency hopping parameter and resource allocation information of ato-be-transmitted message, where the frequency hopping parameterincludes at least one of bandwidth part indication information, beamindication information, reference signal configuration information,subcarrier spacing indication information, transmission waveformindication information, slot type indication information, channel typeindication information, and transmission carrier indication information;determining, based on the resource allocation information and thefrequency hopping parameter, a physical resource used to send theto-be-transmitted message, where the physical resource includesinformation about a frequency domain resource on which theto-be-transmitted message is mapped in at least one time unit; andsending the to-be-transmitted message by using the physical resource. Inthis way, a unified frequency hopping solution may be designed whenterminals of different bandwidth capability types coexist, where thefrequency hopping solution is a method for determining a physicalresource, so that a collision between transmission resources and ascheduled resource fragment are reduced.

In a possible design, the frequency hopping parameter includes thebandwidth part indication information; and the determining the physicalresource based on the resource allocation information and the frequencyhopping parameter is implemented in the following manner: determining afirst frequency domain resource value in one bandwidth part based on theresource allocation information and the bandwidth part indicationinformation; determining a second frequency domain resource value in thebandwidth part based on the resource allocation information and thebandwidth part indication information; and then determining the physicalresource based on the first frequency domain resource value and/or thesecond frequency domain resource value. In this way, a to-be-transmittedmessage can be further transmitted between several bandwidth parts basedon an intra-bandwidth part frequency hopping manner, to obtain a betterfrequency diversity gain.

In a possible design, the determining the physical resource based on thefirst frequency domain resource value and/or the second resourcefrequency domain location is implemented in the following manner:determining an initial value of a first random sequence based on thefirst frequency domain resource value and/or the second frequency domainresource value, generating the first random sequence, and determiningthe physical resource based on the first random sequence.

In a possible design, the determining a first frequency domain resourcevalue in a bandwidth part based on the resource allocation informationand the bandwidth part indication information is implemented in thefollowing manner: determining the first frequency domain resource valuein the bandwidth part based on the resource allocation information in apredefined intra-bandwidth part frequency hopping manner.

In a possible design, the frequency hopping parameter includes thebandwidth part indication information; and the determining the physicalresource based on the resource allocation information and the frequencyhopping parameter is implemented in the following manner: determiningthe physical resource based on the resource allocation information, thebandwidth part indication information, and a frequency domain offsetvalue.

In a possible design, the frequency hopping parameter includes thebandwidth part indication information, and the bandwidth part indicationinformation includes a bandwidth part quantity and/or a bandwidth partindex; and the determining the physical resource based on the resourceallocation information and the frequency hopping parameter isimplemented in the following manner: determining the physical resourcebased on the resource allocation information and the bandwidth partquantity and/or the bandwidth part index.

In a possible design, the determining the physical resource based on theresource allocation information and the bandwidth part quantity and/orthe bandwidth part index is implemented in the following manner:determining the physical resource based on the resource allocationinformation, an index of a time domain resource and/or a frequencydomain resource used to send the to-be-transmitted message, and thebandwidth part quantity and/or the bandwidth part index.

In a possible design, the bandwidth part quantity includes any one ofthe following: a quantity of bandwidth parts included in a carrierbandwidth of the transmit end, a quantity of bandwidth parts that can besupported by the transmit end, and a quantity of bandwidth partsallocated to the transmit end.

In a possible design, the resource allocation information includes athird frequency domain resource value in one bandwidth part; and when abandwidth occupied by the to-be-transmitted message is greater than onebandwidth part, the physical resource for transmitting theto-be-transmitted message is determined based on the third frequencydomain resource value from all bandwidth parts configured for thetransmit end. In this way, when a bandwidth for one transmission of thetransmit end is relatively wide, the transmit end only performs overallfrequency hopping of a frequency shift in a bandwidth part seen by thetransmit end. This can reduce complexity of frequency hopping, andfacilitate control of a resource location of the transmit end after thefrequency hopping. When the transmit end is a terminal, a frequencyhopping effect can be achieved, and prediction performed by a basestation on a resource location of the terminal after frequency hoppingcan also be facilitated.

In a possible design, the determining the physical resource based on theresource allocation information, index of the time domain resourceand/or the frequency domain resource used to send the to-be-transmittedmessage, and the bandwidth part quantity and/or the bandwidth part indexis implemented in the following manner: determining an initial value ofa second random sequence based on the resource allocation information,the index of the time domain resource and/or the frequency domainresource used to send the to-be-transmitted message, and the bandwidthpart quantity, generating the second random sequence, and determiningthe physical resource based on the second random sequence.

In a possible design, the bandwidth part indication information includesat least one of the following: indication information of a bandwidthpart occupied by the to-be-transmitted message, a size of a bandwidthpart in the carrier bandwidth of the transmit end, and a quantity ofbandwidth parts included in the carrier bandwidth of the transmit end.

In a possible design, the frequency hopping parameter includes at leastone of the beam indication information, the reference signalconfiguration information, the subcarrier spacing indicationinformation, the transmission waveform indication information, the slottype indication information, the channel type indication information,and the transmission carrier indication information.

In a possible design, the determining, based on the resource allocationinformation and the frequency hopping parameter, a physical resourceused to send the to-be-transmitted message is implemented in thefollowing manner: determining the physical resource based on theresource allocation information, the frequency hopping parameter, and afrequency domain offset value; or determining an initial value of athird random sequence based on the resource allocation information andthe frequency hopping parameter, generating the third random sequence,and determining the physical resource based on the third randomsequence.

In a possible design, the time unit includes at least one slot, or thetime unit includes at least one symbol in one slot.

In a possible design, if the time unit includes at least one symbol inone slot, the determining, based on the resource allocation informationand the frequency hopping parameter, a physical resource used to sendthe to-be-transmitted message is implemented in the following manner:determining a frequency domain resource location at which theto-be-transmitted message is mapped in different symbols in one slot,where one slot includes a first part and a second part in time domain,the first part includes first reference signals and a first data symbol,the second part includes a second data symbol, and the different symbolsin the slot include the first data symbol and the second data symbol.

In a possible design, the first data symbol is located at a fourthfrequency domain resource location, and the second data symbol islocated at a fifth frequency domain resource location; and the firstreference signals are separately located at the fourth frequency domainresource location and the fifth frequency domain resource location infrequency domain.

In a possible design, the second part further includes a secondreference signal.

In a possible design, the second reference signal is located at a timedomain start location of the second part.

In a possible design, the time unit includes at least two slots; and thesending the to-be-transmitted message by using the physical resource isimplemented in the following manner: sending the to-be-transmittedmessage in a manner of binding reference signals in the at least twoslots and by using a same frequency domain resource.

In a possible design, if the index of the time domain resource used tosend the to-be-transmitted message is used for determining the physicalresource, the index of the time domain resource used to send theto-be-transmitted message is determined by using indexes of slots inwhich the reference signals are bound and a quantity of slots in whichthe reference signals are bound.

In a possible design, a frequency hopping type is obtained, where thefrequency hopping type is used to indicate a manner of determining aphysical resource used by the transmit end to obtain theto-be-transmitted message.

In a possible design, the frequency hopping type is obtained by using atleast one of the following indication information: indicationinformation of a bandwidth part allocated to the transmit end andindication information of resource allocation in a bandwidth part.

In a possible design, the to-be-transmitted message includes at leastone of the following: data, control information, and a reference signal.

In a possible design, different values of the frequency hoppingparameter are associated with different configuration parameters fordetermining the physical resource used by the to-be-transmitted message,or different values of the frequency hopping parameter are associatedwith different frequency hopping types, and the frequency hopping typeis used to indicate a manner of determining a physical resource used bythe transmit end to obtain the to-be-transmitted message. In this way,different configuration parameters or frequency hopping types areconfigured for different values of the frequency hopping parameter, toimplement a pertinent optimized frequency hopping solution for thedifferent values of the frequency hopping parameter, thereby achievingan optimal transmission effect.

In a possible design, the bandwidth part indication information ispredefined, or the bandwidth part indication information is determinedby using a second signaling indication.

In a possible design, before the physical resource used by theto-be-transmitted message is determined based on the resource allocationinformation and the frequency hopping parameter, indication informationis obtained, where the indication information is used to instruct thetransmit end to determine, in a bandwidth part, the physical resourceused by the to-be-transmitted message, or the indication information isused to instruct the transmit end to determine, between bandwidth parts,the physical resource used by the to-be-transmitted message. In thisway, different frequency hopping manners are used for intra-bandwidthpart frequency hopping and inter-bandwidth part frequency hopping, and acorresponding frequency hopping solution may be provided for terminalsof different bandwidth capability types, so that a system can supportthe terminals of the different bandwidth capability types insimultaneously performing frequency hopping, thereby improving systemflexibility and communication efficiency.

According to a second aspect, a communication method is provided, wherethe method is applied to a receive end and includes: obtaining afrequency hopping parameter and resource allocation information of ato-be-demodulated message, where the frequency hopping parameterincludes at least one of bandwidth part indication information, beamindication information, reference signal configuration information,subcarrier spacing indication information, transmission waveformindication information, slot type indication information, channel typeindication information, and transmission carrier indication information;determining, based on the resource allocation information and thefrequency hopping parameter, a physical resource used by theto-be-demodulated message, where the physical resource includesinformation about a frequency domain resource on which theto-be-demodulated message is mapped in at least one time unit; anddemodulating the to-be-demodulated message by using the physicalresource. In this way, a unified frequency hopping solution may bedesigned when terminals of different bandwidth capability types coexist,where the frequency hopping solution is a method for determining aphysical resource, so that a collision between transmission resourcesand a scheduled resource fragment are reduced.

In a possible design, the frequency hopping parameter includes thebandwidth part indication information; and the determining the physicalresource based on the resource allocation information and the frequencyhopping parameter is implemented in the following manner: determining afirst frequency domain resource value in one bandwidth part based on theresource allocation information and the bandwidth part indicationinformation; determining a second frequency domain resource value in thebandwidth part based on the resource allocation information and thebandwidth part indication information; and determining the physicalresource based on the first frequency domain resource value and/or thesecond frequency domain resource value. In this way, a to-be-transmittedmessage can be further transmitted between several bandwidth parts basedon an intra-bandwidth part frequency hopping manner, to obtain a betterfrequency diversity gain.

In a possible design, the determining the physical resource based on thefirst frequency domain resource value and/or the second resourcefrequency domain location is implemented in the following manner:determining an initial value of a first random sequence based on thefirst frequency domain resource value and/or the second frequency domainresource value, generating the first random sequence, and determiningthe physical resource based on the first random sequence.

In a possible design, the determining a first frequency domain resourcevalue in a bandwidth part based on the resource allocation informationis implemented in the following manner: determining the first frequencydomain resource value in the bandwidth part based on the resourceallocation information in a predefined intra-bandwidth part frequencyhopping manner.

In a possible design, the frequency hopping parameter includes thebandwidth part indication information; and the determining the physicalresource based on the resource allocation information and the frequencyhopping parameter is implemented in the following manner: determiningthe physical resource based on the resource allocation information, thebandwidth part indication information, and a frequency domain offsetvalue.

In a possible design, the frequency hopping parameter includes thebandwidth part indication information, and the bandwidth part indicationinformation includes a bandwidth part quantity and/or a bandwidth partindex; and the determining the physical resource based on the resourceallocation information and the frequency hopping parameter isimplemented in the following manner: determining the physical resourcebased on the resource allocation information and the bandwidth partquantity and/or the bandwidth part index.

In a possible design, the determining the physical resource based on theresource allocation information and the bandwidth part quantity and/orthe bandwidth part index is implemented in the following manner:determining the physical resource based on the resource allocationinformation, an index of a time domain resource and/or a frequencydomain resource used to send the to-be-demodulated message, and thebandwidth part quantity and/or the bandwidth part index.

In a possible design, the bandwidth part quantity includes any one ofthe following: a quantity of bandwidth parts included in a carrierbandwidth of the receive end, a quantity of bandwidth parts that can besupported by the receive end, and a quantity of bandwidth partsallocated to the receive end.

In a possible design, the resource allocation information includes athird frequency domain resource value in one bandwidth part; and when abandwidth occupied by the to-be-demodulated message is greater than onebandwidth part, the physical resource used by the to-be-demodulatedmessage is determined based on the third frequency domain resource valuefrom all bandwidth parts configured for the receive end. In this way,when a bandwidth for one transmission of a transmit end is relativelywide, the transmit end only performs overall frequency hopping of afrequency shift in a bandwidth part seen by the transmit end. This canreduce complexity of frequency hopping, and facilitate control of aresource location of the transmit end after the frequency hopping. Whenthe transmit end is a terminal, a frequency hopping effect can beachieved, and prediction performed by a base station on a resourcelocation of the terminal after frequency hopping can also befacilitated.

In a possible design, the determining the physical resource based on theresource allocation information, index of the time domain resourceand/or the frequency domain resource used to send the to-be-demodulatedmessage, and the bandwidth part quantity and/or the bandwidth part indexis implemented in the following manner: determining an initial value ofa second random sequence based on the resource allocation information,index of the time domain resource and/or the frequency domain resourceused to send the to-be-demodulated message, and the bandwidth partquantity, generating the second random sequence, and determining thephysical resource based on the second random sequence.

In a possible design, the bandwidth part indication information includesat least one of the following: indication information of a bandwidthpart occupied by the to-be-demodulated message, a size of a bandwidthpart in a carrier bandwidth carrying the to-be-demodulated message, anda quantity of bandwidth parts included in the carrier bandwidth carryingthe to-be-demodulated message.

In a possible design, the frequency hopping parameter includes at leastone of the beam indication information, the reference signalconfiguration information, the subcarrier spacing indicationinformation, the transmission waveform indication information, the slottype indication information, the channel type indication information,and the transmission carrier indication information.

In a possible design, the determining, based on the resource allocationinformation and the frequency hopping parameter, a physical resourceused by the to-be-demodulated message is implemented in the followingmanner: determining the physical resource based on the resourceallocation information, the frequency hopping parameter, and a frequencydomain offset value; or determining an initial value of a third randomsequence based on the resource allocation information and the frequencyhopping parameter, generating the third random sequence, and determiningthe physical resource based on the third random sequence.

In a possible design, the time unit includes at least one slot, or thetime unit includes at least one symbol in one slot.

In a possible design, if the time unit includes at least one symbol inone slot, the determining, based on the resource allocation informationand the frequency hopping parameter, a physical resource used by theto-be-demodulated message is implemented in the following manner:determining a frequency domain resource location at which theto-be-demodulated message is mapped in different symbols in one slot,where one slot includes a first part and a second part in time domain,the first part includes first reference signals and a first data symbol,the second part includes a second data symbol, and the different symbolsin the slot include the first data symbol and the second data symbol.

In a possible design, the first data symbol is located at a fourthfrequency domain resource location, and the second data symbol islocated at a fifth frequency domain resource location; and the firstreference signals are separately located at the fourth frequency domainresource location and the fifth frequency domain resource location infrequency domain.

In a possible design, the second part further includes a secondreference signal.

In a possible design, the second reference signal is located at a timedomain start location of the second part.

In a possible design, the time unit includes at least two slots; and thedemodulating the to-be-demodulated message by using the physicalresource is implemented in the following manner: demodulating theto-be-demodulated message in a manner of binding reference signals inthe at least two slots and by using a same frequency domain resource.

In a possible design, if the index of the time domain resource used todemodulate the to-be-demodulated message is used for determining thephysical resource, the index of the time domain resource used todemodulate the to-be-demodulated message is determined by using indexesof slots in which the reference signals are bound and a quantity ofslots in which the reference signals are bound.

In a possible design, a frequency hopping type is obtained, where thefrequency hopping type is used to indicate a manner of determining aphysical resource used by the receive end to obtain theto-be-demodulated message.

In a possible design, the frequency hopping type is obtained by using atleast one of the following indication information: indicationinformation of a bandwidth part of the to-be-demodulated message andindication information of resource allocation in a bandwidth part of theto-be-demodulated message.

In a possible design, the to-be-demodulated message includes at leastone of the following: data, control information, and a reference signal.

In a possible design, different values of the frequency hoppingparameter are associated with different configuration parameters fordetermining the physical resource used by the to-be-demodulated message,or different values of the frequency hopping parameter are associatedwith different frequency hopping types, and the frequency hopping typeis used to indicate a manner of determining a physical resource used bythe receive end to obtain the to-be-demodulated message. In this way,different configuration parameters or frequency hopping types areconfigured for different values of the frequency hopping parameter, toimplement a pertinent optimized frequency hopping solution for thedifferent values of the frequency hopping parameter, thereby achievingan optimal transmission effect.

In a possible design, the bandwidth part indication information ispredefined, or the bandwidth part indication information is determinedby using a second signaling indication.

In a possible design, before the physical resource used by theto-be-demodulated message is determined based on the resource allocationinformation and the frequency hopping parameter, indication informationis obtained, where the indication information is used to instruct thereceive end to determine, in a bandwidth part, the physical resourceused by the to-be-demodulated message, or the indication information isused to instruct the receive end to determine, between bandwidth parts,the physical resource used by the to-be-demodulated message. In thisway, different frequency hopping manners are used for intra-bandwidthpart frequency hopping and inter-bandwidth part frequency hopping, and acorresponding frequency hopping solution may be provided for terminalsof different bandwidth capability types, so that a system can supportthe terminals of the different bandwidth capability types insimultaneously performing frequency hopping, thereby improving systemflexibility and communication efficiency.

According to a third aspect, a reference signal sending method isprovided, where the method is applied to a transmit end and includes:determining a reference signal sequence based on a first parameter,where the first parameter includes at least one of the following:bandwidth part indication information, beam indication information,reference signal configuration information, subcarrier spacingindication information, transmission waveform indication information,slot type indication information, channel type indication information,and transmission carrier indication information; generating a referencesignal by using the reference signal sequence; and sending the referencesignal. In this way, different reference signals may be generated whenany one or more of the first parameters have different values, so thatinterference between sequences can be reduced or randomized for thereference signals. For example, when terminals with different beamsgenerate reference signals, reference signal sequences generated by theterminals are different, thereby reducing sequence interference betweenthe terminals with different beams and a same time-frequency resource.

In a possible design, the determining a reference signal sequence basedon a first parameter is implemented in the following manner: determininga second parameter based on the first parameter, where the secondparameter includes at least one of the following: a cyclic shift value,an orthogonal sequence index, a root sequence index, and an initialvalue; and determining the reference signal sequence based on the secondparameter.

In a possible design, the second parameter includes the cyclic shiftvalue; and correspondingly, the determining a second parameter based onthe first parameter is implemented in the following manner: determiningthe cyclic shift value based on the first parameter and a thirdparameter, where the third parameter includes at least one of thefollowing: an indication value of the cyclic shift value, resourceindication information for sending the reference signal, an orthogonalsequence index for generating the reference signal, a root sequenceindex for generating the reference signal, and a spreading factor valuefor generating the reference signal.

In a possible design, the determining a second parameter based on thefirst parameter is implemented in the following manner: determining acell-specific cyclic shift value by using the first parameter; anddetermining the cyclic shift value by using the cell-specific cyclicshift value.

In a possible design, the determining a cell-specific cyclic shift valueby using the first parameter is implemented in the following manner:determining an initial value of a random sequence by using the firstparameter; and generating the cell-specific cyclic shift value by usingthe random sequence.

In a possible design, the cyclic shift value is determined by using thecell-specific cyclic shift value and the third parameter.

In a possible design, the orthogonal sequence index is determined byusing the first parameter and a fourth parameter, and the fourthparameter includes at least one of the following: an indication value ofthe orthogonal sequence index, resource indication information forsending the reference signal, the cyclic shift value for generating thereference signal, a root sequence index for generating the referencesignal, and a spreading factor value for generating the referencesignal.

In a possible design, the root sequence index is determined by using thefirst parameter and a fifth parameter, and the fifth parameter includesat least one of the following: an indication value of the root sequenceindex, resource indication information for sending the reference signal,the cyclic shift value for generating the reference signal, anorthogonal sequence index for generating the reference signal, and aspreading factor value for generating the reference signal.

In a possible design, the second parameter includes the root sequenceindex; and the determining a second parameter based on the firstparameter is implemented in the following manner: determining an initialvalue of a random sequence by using the first parameter; and generatingthe root sequence index by using the random sequence.

In a possible design, the second parameter includes the root sequenceindex; and the determining a second parameter based on the firstparameter is implemented in the following manner: determining a sequencehop and/or a group hop by using the first parameter; and determining theroot sequence index by using the sequence hop and/or the group hop.

In a possible design, the group hop includes: determining a sequencegroup number and/or a group hop pattern by using the first parameter,and determining the group hop by using the sequence group number and/orthe group hop pattern.

In a possible design, the reference signal includes at least one of thefollowing: a sounding reference signal, a demodulation reference signal,a positioning reference signal, a phase tracking reference signal,channel state information reference information, and a reference signalfor transmitting control information.

According to a fourth aspect, a control information sending method isprovided, where the method is applied to a transmit end and includes:obtaining control information; mapping the control information and afirst reference signal to a symbol that carries the control information,where the first reference signal is used to demodulate the controlinformation; and sending the symbol, where the control information andthe first reference signal are time division or frequency divisionmultiplexed in the symbol. In this way, an SRS and a PUCCH can besimultaneously sent, and an opportunity of preferably sending UCI canalso be ensured.

In a possible design, the sending the symbol is implemented in thefollowing manner: sending the symbol after spectrum spreading isperformed for the control information by using a first frequency domainspreading factor.

In a possible design, a second reference signal is mapped to the symbolthat carries the control information, where the first reference signaland the second reference signal are frequency division multiplexed inthe symbol.

In a possible design, the sending the symbol is implemented in thefollowing manner: sending the symbol after spectrum spreading isperformed for the control information by using a second frequency domainspreading factor.

In a possible design, the second spreading factor is less than the firstspreading factor.

In a possible design, the second reference signal occupies a frequencydomain resource on which the first reference signal is located.

In a possible design, the first reference signal and the secondreference signal are code division multiplexed, or one of the firstreference signal and the second reference signal is not sent.

In a possible design, the mapping the control information and a firstreference signal to a symbol that carries the control information isimplemented in the following manner: after the control informationarranged according to a preset rule and the first reference signal areconverted into frequency domain signals, mapping the frequency domainsignals to frequency domain resources corresponding to the symbol.

In a possible design, the mapping the frequency domain signals tofrequency domain resources corresponding to the symbol is implemented inthe following manner: mapping the frequency domain signals to asubcarrier on which the second reference signal is not located and thatis on the frequency domain resource corresponding to the symbol.

In a possible design, transmit power is allocated based on prioritieswhen the transmit power is limited, where a descending order of thepriorities is from the control information to the second referencesignal.

In a possible design, transmit power is allocated based on prioritieswhen the transmit power is limited, where an order of priorities of thecontrol information and the second reference signal is determined basedon a message type included in the control information.

In a possible design, when transmit power is limited, the secondreference signal is discarded, and the control information is sent.

In a possible design, when transmit power is limited, the secondreference signal is discarded, and information with a higher priority inthe control information is sent.

In a possible design, the symbol includes a first time domain resourceand a second time domain resource; and the sending the symbol isimplemented in the following manner: when transmit power is limited,mapping the control information and the first reference signal to thefirst time domain resource for sending, and mapping the second referencesignal to the second time domain resource for sending.

In a possible design, the symbol includes a first time domain resourceand a second time domain resource; and the sending the symbol isimplemented in the following manner: when transmit power is limited,mapping a first part of the control information and the first referencesignal to the first time domain resource for sending, and mapping asecond part of the control information and the second reference signalto the second time domain resource for sending.

In a possible design, a quantity of symbols that carry the controlinformation is 1 or 2.

In a possible design, the quantity of symbols that carry the controlinformation is 2, the first reference signal is in the first symbol, andthe control information and the second reference signal are in thesecond symbol.

In a possible design, the second reference signal is any one of thefollowing: a sounding reference signal, a demodulation reference signal,a positioning reference signal, a phase tracking reference signal,channel state information reference information, and a reference signalfor transmitting control information.

In a possible design, the first reference signal and the secondreference signal are used for different subcarrier spacings or differentservice types or different channel types.

According to a fifth aspect, a communications apparatus is provided,where the apparatus may be a transmit end, or may be a chip in atransmit end. The apparatus may include a processing unit and atransceiver unit. When the apparatus is a transmit end, the processingunit may be a processor, and the transceiver unit may be a transceiver.The transmit end may further include a storage unit, and the storageunit may be a memory. The storage unit is configured to store aninstruction. The processing unit executes the instruction stored in thestorage unit, so that the transmit end performs the method in any one ofthe first aspect or the possible implementations of the first aspect.When the apparatus is a chip in a transmit end, the processing unit maybe a processor, and the transceiver unit may be an input/outputinterface, a pin, a circuit, or the like. The processing unit executesan instruction stored in a storage unit, so that the transmit endperforms the method in any one of the first aspect or the possibleimplementations of the first aspect. The storage unit may be a storageunit (such as a register or a cache) inside the chip, or may be astorage unit (such as a read-only memory or a random-access memory)inside the transmit end and outside the chip.

According to a sixth aspect, a communications apparatus is provided,where the apparatus may be a receive end, or may be a chip in a receiveend. The apparatus may include a processing unit and a transceiver unit.When the apparatus is a receive end, the processing unit may be aprocessor, and the transceiver unit may be a transceiver. The receiveend may further include a storage unit, and the storage unit may be amemory. The storage unit is configured to store an instruction. Theprocessing unit executes the instruction stored in the storage unit, sothat the receive end performs the method in any one of the second aspector the possible implementations of the second aspect. When the apparatusis a chip in a receive end, the processing unit may be a processor, andthe transceiver unit may be an input/output interface, a pin, a circuit,or the like. The processing unit executes an instruction stored in astorage unit, so that the receive end performs the method in any one ofthe second aspect or the possible implementations of the second aspect.The storage unit may be a storage unit (such as a register or a cache)inside the chip, or may be a storage unit (such as a read-only memory ora random-access memory) inside the receive end and outside the chip.

According to a seventh aspect, a reference signal sending apparatus isprovided, where the apparatus may be a transmit end, or may be a chip ina transmit end. The apparatus may include a processing unit and atransceiver unit. When the apparatus is a transmit end, the processingunit may be a processor, and the transceiver unit may be a transceiver.The transmit end may further include a storage unit, and the storageunit may be a memory. The storage unit is configured to store aninstruction. The processing unit executes the instruction stored in thestorage unit, so that the transmit end performs the method in any one ofthe third aspect or the possible implementations of the third aspect.When the apparatus is a chip in a transmit end, the processing unit maybe a processor, and the transceiver unit may be an input/outputinterface, a pin, a circuit, or the like. The processing unit executesan instruction stored in a storage unit, so that the transmit endperforms the method in any one of the third aspect or the possibleimplementations of the third aspect. The storage unit may be a storageunit (such as a register or a cache) inside the chip, or may be astorage unit (such as a read-only memory or a random-access memory)inside the transmit end and outside the chip.

According to an eighth aspect, a control information sending apparatusis provided, where the apparatus may be a transmit end, or may be a chipin a transmit end. The apparatus may include a processing unit and atransceiver unit. When the apparatus is a transmit end, the processingunit may be a processor, and the transceiver unit may be a transceiver.The transmit end may further include a storage unit, and the storageunit may be a memory. The storage unit is configured to store aninstruction. The processing unit executes the instruction stored in thestorage unit, so that the transmit end performs the method in any one ofthe fourth aspect or the possible implementations of the fourth aspect.When the apparatus is a chip in a transmit end, the processing unit maybe a processor, and the transceiver unit may be an input/outputinterface, a pin, a circuit, or the like. The processing unit executesan instruction stored in a storage unit, so that the transmit endperforms the method in any one of the fourth aspect or the possibleimplementations of the fourth aspect. The storage unit may be a storageunit (such as a register or a cache) inside the chip, or may be astorage unit (such as a read-only memory or a random-access memory)inside the transmit end and outside the chip.

According to a ninth aspect, a communications apparatus is provided,where the apparatus includes a memory and a processor, the memory storesan instruction, and when the instruction is run by the processor, theapparatus is enabled to perform the method in any one of the firstaspect or the possible implementations of the first aspect, or any oneof the second aspect or the possible implementations of the secondaspect. The apparatus may be a chip system.

According to a tenth aspect, a reference signal sending apparatus isprovided, where the apparatus includes a memory and a processor, thememory stores an instruction, and when the instruction is run by theprocessor, the apparatus is enabled to perform the method in any one ofthe third aspect or the possible implementations of the third aspect.The apparatus may be a chip system.

According to an eleventh aspect, a control information sending apparatusis provided, where the apparatus includes a memory and a processor, thememory stores an instruction, and when the instruction is run by theprocessor, the apparatus is enabled to perform the method in any one ofthe fourth aspect or the possible implementations of the fourth aspect.The apparatus may be a chip system.

According to a twelfth aspect, a communications system is provided,where the communications system includes the communications apparatusaccording to the fifth aspect and the communications apparatus accordingto the sixth aspect.

According to a thirteenth aspect, a computer storage medium is provided,configured to store a computer program, where the computer programincludes an instruction used to perform the method in the foregoingaspects.

According to a fourteenth aspect, a computer program product thatincludes an instruction is provided. When the computer program productis run on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the method inthe foregoing aspects.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a communicationssystem according to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of application in a cellular linkaccording to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of performing a transmission through adirect link according to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method according toan embodiment of this application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of occupying a bandwidth part by aterminal according to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of determining a physical resource by aterminal 2 and a terminal 3 according to an embodiment of thisapplication;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of determining a physical resource by aterminal 4 according to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of a slot according to anembodiment of this application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an intra-slot frequency hop that isbased on an additional configuration reference signal according to anembodiment of this application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram 2 of a slot according to anembodiment of this application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a reference signal sending methodaccording to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a control information sending methodaccording to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of multiplexing UCI in a 1-symbol PUCCHand an SRS according to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of code division multiplexing a DMRS andan SRS according to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of sharing same REs by a DMRS and an SRSaccording to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of alternately sending UCI and an SRSaccording to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 17a to FIG. 17c are each a schematic diagram of an SRS and PUCCHmultiplexing method according to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 18 to FIG. 21 are each a schematic structural diagram of acommunications apparatus according to an embodiment of this application;

FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a reference signal sendingapparatus according to an embodiment of this application; and

FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a control informationsending apparatus according to an embodiment of this application.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The following describes in detail the embodiments of this applicationwith reference to accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communications system 100according to an embodiment of this application. As shown in FIG. 1, thecommunications system includes a transmit end 101 and a receive end 102.The transmit end 101 may be a network device, for example, a basestation. The receive end 102 may be a terminal. Alternatively, thetransmit end 101 may be a terminal, and the receive end 102 may be anetwork device. Alternatively, both the transmit end 101 and the receiveend 102 are terminals. Alternatively, both the transmit end 101 and thereceive end 102 are network devices.

A function of a network device is described by using an example in whichthe network device is a base station. The base station is an apparatusthat is deployed in a radio access network and that is configured toprovide a wireless communication function for a terminal. The basestation may include various forms of macro base stations, micro basestations, relay nodes, access points, and the like. The base station maybe applied to systems with different radio access technologies, such asa Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, or more possible communicationssystems such as a 5th generation (5G) communications system. The basestation may be further another network device that has a function of abase station, and specially, may be further a terminal that serves as abase station in device-to-device (D2D) communication. The terminal mayinclude various handheld devices, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices,or computing devices that have a wireless communication function, oranother processing device connected to a wireless modem; and userequipments (UE), mobile stations (MS), or the like in various forms.

In this embodiment of this application, the transmit end 101 sends amessage to the receive end 102.

The transmit end 101 may send a message to the receive end 102 through acellular link. As shown in FIG. 2, for application on an uplink of acellular link, a network device sends a message to a terminal 1 and aterminal 2. Alternatively, for application on a downlink of a cellularlink, a terminal 1 and a terminal 2 send messages to a network device.The network device may be another type of device such as a base stationor a relay node.

The transmit end 101 may also send a message to the receive end 102through a D2D link. As shown in FIG. 3, a terminal 1 sends a message toa terminal 2 through a direct link, or a terminal 2 sends a message to aterminal 1 through a direct link.

It should be noted that the term “and/or” in the embodiments of thisapplication describes only an association relationship for describingassociated objects and represents that three relationships may exist.For example, A and/or B may represent the following three cases: Only Aexists, both A and B exist, and only B exists. The term “several” meansat least two. In the embodiments of this application, ordinal numberssuch as “first” and “second” are intended to distinguish between aplurality of objects, and not intended to limit a sequence of theplurality of the objects. Application scenarios described in theembodiments of this application are intended to describe the technicalsolutions in the embodiments of this application more clearly, but arenot intended to limit the technical solutions provided in theembodiments of this application. Persons of ordinary skill in the artmay learn that with evolution of network architectures and emergence ofa new service scenario, the technical solutions provided in theembodiments of this application are also applicable to a similartechnical problem.

Based on the architecture of the communications system shown in FIG. 1,as shown in FIG. 4, a specific procedure of a communication methodprovided in an embodiment of this application is as follows:

Step 401: A transmit end obtains a frequency hopping parameter andresource allocation information of a to-be-transmitted message.

The frequency hopping parameter includes at least one of bandwidth partindication information, beam indication information, reference signalconfiguration information, subcarrier spacing indication information,transmission waveform indication information, slot type indicationinformation, channel type indication information, and transmissioncarrier indication information.

Step 402: The transmit end determines, based on the resource allocationinformation and the frequency hopping parameter, a physical resourceused to send the to-be-transmitted message.

The physical resource includes information about a frequency domainresource on which the to-be-transmitted message is mapped in at leastone time unit.

Step 403: The transmit end sends the to-be-transmitted message by usingthe physical resource, and a receive end receives the message sent bythe transmit end.

Specifically, after receiving the message sent by the transmit end, thereceive end needs to demodulate the message. Specific demodulation stepsare the following step 404 to step 406.

Step 404: The receive end obtains a frequency hopping parameter andresource allocation information of a to-be-demodulated message.

Step 405: The receive end determines, based on the resource allocationinformation and the frequency hopping parameter, a physical resourceused by the to-be-demodulated message, where the physical resourceincludes information about a frequency domain resource on which theto-be-demodulated message is mapped in at least one time unit.

Step 406: The receive end demodulates the to-be-demodulated message byusing the physical resource.

It should be noted that the to-be-demodulated message demodulated by thereceive end is the to-be-transmitted message sent by the transmit end.The frequency hopping parameter and the resource allocation informationof the to-be-demodulated message that are obtained by the receive endare the frequency hopping parameter and the resource allocationinformation of the to-be-transmitted message that are obtained by thetransmit end. The physical resource used by the to-be-demodulatedmessage is the physical resource used to send the to-be-transmittedmessage. A manner in which the receive end determines the physicalresource used by the to-be-demodulated message is the same as a mannerin which the transmit end determines the physical resource used to sendthe to-be-transmitted message. In the following description, the mannerin which the transmit end determines the physical resource used to sendthe to-be-transmitted message is used as an example for description. Itmay be understood that the receive end may determine, in the samemanner, the physical resource used by the to-be-demodulated message.

In this embodiment of this application, the to-be-transmitted messageincludes at least one of the following: data, control information, and areference signal.

For ease of description, in the following description, an example inwhich the foregoing communication method is applied to a cellular linkis usually used for description. In this case, the transmit end is aterminal, the receive end is a base station, and the terminal sends amessage to the base station. Alternatively, the transmit end is a basestation, the receive end is a terminal, and the base station sends amessage to the terminal.

For example, the transmit end is a terminal. In step 401, that atransmit end obtains a frequency hopping parameter and resourceallocation information of a to-be-transmitted message may include thefollowing cases:

Optionally, the frequency hopping parameter and the resource allocationinformation of the to-be-transmitted message may be obtained frominformation configured by a base station or a controller, or may beobtained in a predefined manner. For example, for a device-to-devicelink that is controlled or scheduled by a base station or a cellularlink, the frequency hopping parameter and the resource allocationinformation of the to-be-transmitted message are usually obtained from abase station or another controller. For a system that supportsout-of-coverage communication, for example, for an out-of-coveragedevice-to-device link, the frequency hopping parameter and the resourceallocation information of the to-be-transmitted message may be obtainedin a predefined manner.

Optionally, the frequency hopping parameter and the resource allocationinformation of the to-be-transmitted message may be obtained from a samemessage or may be obtained from different messages, or a part of thefrequency hopping parameter and the resource allocation information ofthe to-be-transmitted message is obtained from a same message and theother part is obtained from another message. For example, both theresource allocation information of the to-be-transmitted message andindication information of the frequency hopping parameter are receivedfrom physical layer control information. For another example, theresource allocation information of the to-be-transmitted message isreceived from physical layer control information, and indicationinformation of the frequency hopping parameter is obtained from anotherupper-layer message. For still another example, the resource allocationinformation of the to-be-transmitted message and a part of indicationinformation of the frequency hopping parameter are received fromphysical layer control information, and the other part of the indicationinformation of the frequency hopping parameter is obtained from anotherupper-layer message.

Optionally, the frequency hopping parameter and the resource allocationinformation of the to-be-transmitted message may be obtained from a samemessage at the same time, or may be obtained from different messages atdifferent moments. Preferably, the frequency hopping parameter needs tobe obtained before or when the resource allocation information of theto-be-transmitted message is obtained.

To facilitate understanding of the communication method provided in thisembodiment of this application, the following specifically describes adefinition and an indication of a bandwidth part.

In a communications system, a carrier bandwidth on a single carrier mayinclude several bandwidth parts. There may be a plurality of definitionsfor a bandwidth part size: For example, the bandwidth part size may bepredefined, or may be configured by using a system information block(SIB) message or a radio resource control (RRC) message.

There may be a plurality of indications for the bandwidth part size. Forexample, the bandwidth part size is indicated based on a physicalbroadcast channel (PBCH), RRC, or downlink control information (DCI). Inan implementable implementation, for example, in a 5G communicationssystem, a 400 MHz carrier bandwidth may be divided into four 100 MHzbandwidth parts, and information about the division may be predefined,or may be configured by using a SIB message or an RRC message. Abandwidth part or several bandwidth parts used by the terminal may beindicated by a base station to the terminal based on the PBCH, the RRC,or the DCI.

Optionally, bandwidth parts on an entire carrier bandwidth may beobtained through division evenly or unevenly. This is not limited inthis embodiment of this application. For example, a carrier bandwidth of80 MHz may be divided into four 20 MHz bandwidth parts. For anotherexample, a carrier bandwidth of 80 MHz may be divided into eight 10 MHzbandwidth parts. For still another example, a carrier bandwidth of 80MHz may be alternatively divided into two 20 MHz bandwidth parts andfour 10 MHz bandwidth parts, namely, six bandwidth parts in total.

Terminals of different capability types support different bandwidths.Some terminals can support an entire carrier bandwidth. These terminalsmay be referred to as high-bandwidth terminals. However, some terminalscan support only a part of the carrier bandwidth. These terminals may bereferred to as low-bandwidth terminals. Before step 401, the basestation obtains a capability type of the terminal, or the terminal sendsthe capability type of the terminal to the base station, where thecapability type of the terminal includes a high-bandwidth terminal typeor a low-bandwidth terminal type to which the terminal belongs, and/or asize of a bandwidth part that can be supported by the terminal.

The base station may indicate, based on the capability type of theterminal, a bandwidth part occupied by the terminal. Certainly, thebandwidth part occupied by the terminal is less than or equal to thesize of the bandwidth part supported by the terminal. It is assumed thatthere are M bandwidth parts in a current carrier bandwidth, and M is apositive integer greater than or equal to 2. The base station uses abitmap (that is, a bitmap) of M bits to indicate a bandwidth part, ofthe carrier bandwidth, occupied by the terminal. As shown in FIG. 5, itis assumed that a current carrier bandwidth includes four bandwidthparts. For example, the carrier bandwidth is 80 MHz, M=4, and onebandwidth part is 20 MHz. Alternatively, the carrier bandwidth is 400MHz, M=4, and one bandwidth part is 100 MHz. Different terminals occupydifferent bandwidth parts of the carrier bandwidth. In FIG. 5, a bitmapmanner is used to indicate a bandwidth part occupied by a terminal, anda shadow position with a mark “1” represents the bandwidth part occupiedby the terminal. A terminal 1 occupies upper two consecutive bandwidthparts, a terminal 2 occupies the fourth bandwidth part, a terminal 3occupies the second, third, and fourth bandwidth parts, and a terminal 4occupies an entire carrier bandwidth. A bandwidth part occupied by eachterminal on the current carrier bandwidth may be consecutive, or may beinconsecutive, and at least one bandwidth part is occupied.

The terminal 2 in FIG. 5 can only support one bandwidth part. Acapability type of the terminal 2 determines that the terminal 2 canperform a transmission on only one bandwidth part (for example, 20 MHzin 80 MHz or 100 MHz in 400 MHz). In this case, a base station mayspecify one bandwidth part in an entire carrier bandwidth for theterminal 2 for transmission.

A part shown in a vertical line in FIG. 5 is a bandwidth occupied byto-be-transmitted data of a terminal. It can be learned that a bandwidthoccupied by to-be-transmitted data of each of the terminal 1, theterminal 2, and the terminal 3 is less than one bandwidth part, and abandwidth occupied by to-be-transmitted data of the terminal 4 isgreater than one bandwidth part.

Specifically, the bandwidth part indication information in step 401 mayinclude at least one of the following: a size of each bandwidth part ina carrier bandwidth, a quantity of bandwidth parts included in thecarrier bandwidth, and indication information of a bandwidth partoccupied by the to-be-transmitted message, used to indicate a bandwidthpart in which to-be-transmitted data is located or that is available tothe to-be-transmitted data. The bandwidth part indication information ispredefined. Alternatively, the bandwidth part indication information isdetermined by using a signaling indication. In step 401, the resourceallocation information includes a resource used to instruct the transmitend to perform a transmission. When the terminal can support an entirecarrier bandwidth, the resource allocation information is indicationinformation of resource allocation in the carrier bandwidth. When theterminal cannot support an entire carrier bandwidth, the resourceallocation information is resource indication information in a bandwidthpart. The resource allocation information may be obtained by theterminal by using predefined information, or may be indicated by thebase station.

The time unit in this embodiment of this application means a unit of atime-frequency resource occupied by one transmission of the transmitend. The time unit may be classified into a slot, a mini-slot, and aslot aggregation based on a size of an occupied symbol. A size of a slotis not fixed, and a quantity of occupied symbols is not fixed either.For example, one slot may occupy seven or 14 symbols. Usually, a size ofone mini-slot is not greater than a quantity of time domain resourcesoccupied by one slot. One mini-slot may occupy a minimum of one(obtained by subtracting 1 from a slot length) symbol, and may occupy amaximum of symbols of one slot. One slot aggregation is that at leasttwo slots are aggregated for transmission. Data transmitted in each slotduring a transmission may be the same or different.

The following describes in detail a case in which the frequency hoppingparameter includes the bandwidth part indication information.

When a bandwidth occupied by the to-be-transmitted message is notgreater than one bandwidth part, the following Method 1 to Method 3 maybe used to determine the physical resource for transmitting theto-be-transmitted message.

Method 1: In step 402, the transmit end determines a first frequencydomain resource value in one bandwidth part based on the resourceallocation information and the bandwidth part indication information,determines a second frequency domain resource value in the bandwidthpart based on the resource allocation information and the bandwidth partindication information, and determines the physical resource based onthe first frequency domain resource value and the second frequencydomain resource value.

Specifically, the transmit end determines the first frequency domainresource value in the bandwidth part based on the resource allocationinformation in a predefined intra-bandwidth part frequency hoppingmanner. The predefined intra-bandwidth part frequency hopping manner mayuse an existing frequency hopping formula of a type 1 or a type 2 inLTE, or may use a manner of another type. Alternatively, the transmitend may determine the first frequency domain resource value in thebandwidth part based on a frequency domain location indicated in thebandwidth part.

The transmit end determines the physical resource based on the firstfrequency domain resource value and the second frequency domain resourcevalue by using some operation manners.

For example, the predefined intra-bandwidth part frequency hoppingmanner may use the existing frequency hopping manner of the type 1 inLTE. In a possible implementation, the foregoing physical resource isdetermined by using the following formula (1) and formula (2).

n _(PRB) ^(S) ¹ (i)=N _(START) ^(BP) +RB _(START) mod N _(BP)  formula(1).

Herein, n_(PRB) ^(S) ¹ is a frequency domain resource information in thefirst time unit, namely, a frequency domain resource start value in thefirst time unit, RB_(START) is a frequency domain resource start valueindicated by the resource allocation information, namely, the foregoingfirst frequency domain resource value, N_(BP) is a bandwidth partoccupied by the to-be-transmitted message, N_(START) ^(BP) is afrequency domain resource start value of the bandwidth part, namely, theforegoing second frequency domain resource value, mod represents amodulo operation, and i represents an index of a time domain resource.

n _(PRB)(i)=N _(START) ^(BP)+(ñ _(PRB)(i)+Ñ _(PRB) ^(HO)/2)mod N_(BP)  formula (2).

Herein, n_(PRB)(i) is frequency domain resource information in thesecond time unit, namely, a frequency domain resource start value in thesecond time unit, and the second time unit is adjacent to the first timeunit. N_(START) ^(BP) is the frequency domain resource start value ofthe bandwidth part, namely, the foregoing second frequency domainresource value. ñ_(PRB)(i) is a frequency domain location determined bythe terminal in the second time unit in the existing frequency hoppingmanner of the type 1 in LTE, Ñ_(PRB) ^(HO) is a frequency domain offsetvalue, mod represents the modulo operation, and i represents the indexof the time domain resource.

For another example, the predefined intra-bandwidth part frequencyhopping manner may use the existing frequency hopping manner of the type2 in LTE. In a possible implementation, the foregoing physical resourceis determined by using the following formula (3).

ñ _(PRB)(n _(s))=N _(START) ^(BP)+(ñ _(VRB) +f _(hop)(i)·N _(RB,BP)^(sb)+((N _(RB) ^(sb)−1)−2(ñ _(VRB) mod N _(RB) ^(sb)))·f _(m)(i))mod(N_(RB,BP) ^(sb) ·N _(sb,BP))  formula (3).

Herein, ñ_(PRB)(n_(s)) represents the foregoing physical resource, n_(s)is a slot index, and N_(START) ^(BP) is a frequency domain resourcestart value of the bandwidth part, namely, the foregoing secondfrequency domain resource value. ñ_(VRB) is a frequency domain resourcestart value indicated by the resource allocation information, f_(hop)(i)is a frequency hopping function, and i is a index of a time domainresource. In this embodiment of this application, when an inter-slotfrequency hop is performed, i=n_(s), and when an intra-slot frequencyhop is performed, i=└l/K┘, where l is a symbol index in a slot, and K isa quantity of intra-slot frequency hops. For example, when one slot has14 symbols and an intra-slot frequency hop is performed every sevensymbols, K=2. When a frequency hop of a slot aggregation or a frequencyhop of reference signal bounding is performed, i=└n_(s)/K┘, where K is aquantity of bound reference signals or a quantity of aggregated slots.N_(RB,BP) ^(sb) is a sub-band parameter in the bandwidth part, N_(sb,BP)is a size of a sub-band, and f_(m)(i) is a frequency hopping mirrorimage function.

In addition, the transmit end may further determine an initial value ofa random sequence based on the first frequency domain resource value andthe second frequency domain resource value. The random sequence hereinmay be referred to as a first random sequence, and the transmit endgenerates the first random sequence, and determines the physicalresource based on the first random sequence.

Method 2: In step 402, the transmit end determines the physical resourcebased on the resource allocation information, the bandwidth partindication information, and a frequency domain offset value. Thefollowing formula (4-0) is shown:

PRB(n _(s))=(PRB _(BP)(n _(s))+N ₀+(n _(s) mod M)·N _(BP))mod N_(TBP)  formula (4-0).

Herein, N₀ is the frequency domain offset value.

Method 3: In step 402, the transmit end determines the physical resourcebased on the resource allocation information and a bandwidth partquantity and/or a bandwidth part index.

The bandwidth part indication information includes the bandwidth partquantity and/or the bandwidth part index. The bandwidth part quantityincludes any one of the following: a quantity of bandwidth partsincluded in a carrier bandwidth of the transmit end, a quantity ofbandwidth parts that can be supported by the transmit end, and aquantity of bandwidth parts allocated to the transmit end.

Specifically, the transmit end determines the physical resource based onthe resource allocation information, an index of a time domain resourceand/or a frequency domain resource used to send the to-be-transmittedmessage, and the bandwidth part quantity and/or the bandwidth partindex.

In a possible implementation, the transmit end determines the foregoingphysical resource by using a formula (4), a formula (5), a formula (6),or a formula (7).

PRB(n _(s))=(PRB _(BP)(n _(s))+(n _(s) mod M)·N _(BP))mod N_(TBP)  formula (4))

Herein, PRB(n_(s)) represents the foregoing physical resource, n_(s) isa slot index, PRB_(BP)(n_(s)) represents a specified intra-bandwidthpart frequency hopping manner, N_(TBP) represents a quantity ofbandwidth parts supported by the terminal, N_(BP) represents a size ofthe bandwidth part, and M represents the bandwidth part quantity and/orthe bandwidth part index.

PRB(n _(s))=(PRB _(BP)(n _(s))+(an_(s) +b mod M)·N _(BP))mod N_(TBP)  formula (5)

Herein, a and b are constants, and other parameters are the same asthose in the formula (4). No repeated description is provided.

PRB(n _(s))=(PRB _(BP)(n _(s))+((a·n _(s) ² +b·n _(s) +c)mod M)·N_(BP))mod N _(TBP)  formula (6)

Herein, a, b, and c are constants, and other parameters are the same asthose in the formula (4). No repeated description is provided.

Optionally, the transmit end determines an initial value of a secondrandom sequence based on the resource allocation information, the indexof the time domain resource and/or the frequency domain resource used tosend the to-be-transmitted message, and the bandwidth part quantity,generates the second random sequence, and determines the physicalresource based on the second random sequence. Specifically, a randomfunction is used based on the foregoing formula (4) to formula (6).

PRB(n _(s))=(PRB _(BP)(n _(s))+((a·n _(s) ² +b·n _(s) +c+df(i)mod M)·N_(BP))mod N _(TBP)  formula (7)

Herein, f(i) is generated based on a random sequence function, forexample, f(i)=g*c(10i), c( ) is a function for generating a randomsequence, g is a non-zero constant, and other parameters are the same asthose described in the formula (4). No repeated description is provided.

The terminal 2 and the terminal 3 shown in FIG. 5 are used as examples.FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of determining a physical resource by theterminal 2 and the terminal 3 by using any one of the foregoing Method 1to Method 3. The terminal 2 shown in FIG. 5 occupies one bandwidth part,and the terminal 3 occupies three bandwidth parts. As shown in FIG. 6,shadow parts are bandwidths occupied by to-be-transmitted data of theterminal 2 and the terminal 3. It can be learned that the bandwidthsoccupied by the terminal 2 and the terminal 3 for transmitting the dataare less than a size of one bandwidth part. The terminal 2 alwaystransmits a message in the fourth bandwidth part (that is, a bandwidthpart 4) in different time units. Bandwidth parts occupied by theterminal 3 in different time units may be the same or different. Becausethe terminal 2 and the terminal 3 use a same intra-bandwidth partfrequency hopping manner, when resource allocation information of theterminal 2 and resource allocation information of the terminal 3 aredifferent or do not overlap, determined physical resources are differentor do not overlap either. In this way, a resource conflict afterfrequency hopping can be reduced, and a fragment generated duringresource allocation can be reduced. In addition, a narrow-bandwidthcapability terminal and a wide-bandwidth capability terminal can bettercoexist, thereby reducing a frequency hopping conflict and a resourcefragment. In this way, a to-be-transmitted message can be furthertransmitted between several bandwidth parts based on an intra-bandwidthpart frequency hopping manner by using the foregoing Method 1 to Method3, to obtain a better frequency diversity gain.

When a bandwidth occupied by the to-be-transmitted message is greaterthan one bandwidth part, the following Method 4 may be used to determinethe physical resource for transmitting the to-be-transmitted message.

Method 4: In step 402, the transmit end obtains a third frequency domainresource value, in one bandwidth part, included in the resourceallocation information, and when the bandwidth occupied by theto-be-transmitted message is greater than one bandwidth part, thetransmit end determines, based on the third frequency domain resourcevalue from all bandwidth parts configured for the transmit end, thephysical resource for transmitting the to-be-transmitted message.

In a possible implementation, the transmit end determines the foregoingphysical resource by using a formula (8), a formula (9), or a formula(10).

All the bandwidth parts configured for the transmit end are greater thanthe bandwidth occupied by the to-be-transmitted message. Optionally, anentire carrier bandwidth is allocated to the transmit end.

PRB(n _(s))=(PRB _(START,BP)(n _(s))+((a·n _(s) ² +b·n _(s) +c)mod M)·N_(BP))mod N _(TBP)  formula (8)

Herein, PRB_(START,BP)(n_(s)) is a frequency domain start value in onebandwidth part, namely, the third frequency domain resource value. Forthe description of other parameters, refer to the formula (4). Detailsare not described herein again.

In the method represented by the formula (8), the transmit end performsfrequency hopping only between bandwidth parts, and the frequency domainstart value in the bandwidth part remains unchanged after the frequencyhopping.

PRB(n _(s))=(PRB _(START,BP)(n _(s))+((a·n _(s) ² +b·n _(s) +c)mod M)·N_(BP))mod N _(TBP)  formula (9)

Herein, PRB_(START,BP)(n_(s)) is the frequency domain start value in thebandwidth part, and N_(O) represents a frequency domain offset value.For the description of other parameters, refer to the formula (4).Details are not described herein again.

In the method represented by the formula (9), the transmit end performsfrequency hopping based on the third frequency domain resource valueincluded in the resource allocation information, the bandwidth partindication information, and the frequency domain offset value.

PRB(n _(s))=(N _(O) +PRB _(START,BP)(n _(s))+((a·n _(s) ² +b·n _(s)+c)mod M)·N)mod N _(TBP)  formula (10)

For the description of each parameter, refer to the formula (9). Detailsare not described herein again.

A method represented by the formula (10) may be considered as acombination of the two methods of the formula (8) and the formula (9).

Optionally, a random function is used based on the foregoing formula (8)to formula (10). A specific method is similar to the method of theformula (7). Same details are not described again.

The terminal 4 shown in FIG. 5 is used as an example. FIG. 7 is aschematic diagram of determining a physical resource by the terminal 4by using the foregoing Method 4. The terminal 4 shown in FIG. 5 occupiesan entire carrier bandwidth. As shown in FIG. 7, a shadow part is abandwidth occupied by to-be-transmitted data of the terminal 4, thebandwidth occupied by the terminal 4 for transmitting the data isgreater than a size of one bandwidth part, and bandwidth parts occupiedby the terminal 4 in different time units may be the same or different.The terminal 4 determines the third frequency domain resource value inthe bandwidth part in each time unit according to any one of theforegoing formula (8) to formula (10) or with reference to a randomfunction. In this way, when a bandwidth for one transmission of thetransmit end is relatively wide, the transmit end only performs overallfrequency hopping of a frequency shift in a bandwidth part seen by thetransmit end. This can reduce complexity of frequency hopping, andfacilitate control of a resource location of the transmit end after thefrequency hopping. When the transmit end is a terminal, a frequencyhopping effect can be achieved, and prediction performed by the basestation on a resource location of the terminal after frequency hoppingcan also be facilitated.

The foregoing describes in detail the case in which the frequencyhopping parameter includes the bandwidth part indication information.The following describes in detail a case in which the frequency hoppingparameter includes at least one of the beam indication information, thereference signal configuration information, the subcarrier spacingindication information, the transmission waveform indicationinformation, the slot type indication information, the channel typeindication information, and the transmission carrier indicationinformation. In a method described below, the frequency hoppingparameter may include the bandwidth part indication information, or maynot include the bandwidth part indication information.

To facilitate understanding of this embodiment of this application, theforegoing frequency hopping parameters are first described.

The beam indication information is used to indicate a beam on which atransmission is performed, and the beam may be indicated by using a beamidentifier, a time-frequency resource used by the beam, or the referencesignal configuration information.

The subcarrier spacing indication information is used to indicate asubcarrier spacing used during a transmission. For example, a value ofthe subcarrier spacing may be 15 KHz, 30 KHz, 60 KHz, 120 KHz, 240 KHz,or 480 KHz. Further, different subcarrier spacings may be used fordifferent service types. For example, an enhanced mobile broadband(enhanced Mobile Broadband, eMBB) service may use a subcarrier spacingof 15 KHz, and an ultra-reliable and low latency communications (UltraReliable & Low Latency Communication, URLLC) service may use subcarrierspacings of 60 KHz and 30 KHz. Therefore, the subcarrier spacingindication information can be used not only for different communicationfrequency bands, but also for different service types. One piece ofindication information may be used to indicate a specifically usedcarrier spacing, for example, n=0, 1, 2, . . . , 5 are respectively usedto indicate subcarrier spacings of 15 KHz to 480 KHz.

The transmission waveform indication information is used to indicate awaveform used during a transmission. Optional waveforms include at leasttwo types of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OrthogonalFrequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) waveform, a discrete fouriertransform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DiscreteFourier Transform-Spread OFDM, DFT-S-OFDM) waveform, or a time domainwaveform. One piece of indication information may be used to indicate aspecifically used carrier spacing. For example, 1 may be used toindicate OFDM, and 0 is used to indicate DFT-S-OFDM.

The slot type indication information includes a slot, a mini-slot, andan aggregation slot. A slot usually occupies seven or 14 symbols, and aquantity of symbols occupied by a mini-slot is smaller than a quantityof symbols occupied by a slot. Usually, there may be a plurality ofmini-slots in one slot. The aggregation slot may also be referred to asa slot aggregation, and the aggregation slot usually includes aplurality of slots that are consecutive or inconsecutive in time domain.One piece of indication information may be used to indicate aspecifically used slot type. For example, 0 may be used to indicate amini-slot, 1 is used to indicate a slot, and 2 is used to indicate anaggregation slot.

The channel type indication information includes a format indicated as acontrol channel or a data channel, or includes formats indicated asdifferent control channels, for example, a short control channel and along control channel, or a control channel occupying one time domainsymbol, a control channel occupying two time domain symbols, and acontrol channel occupying at least four symbols. One piece of indicationinformation may be used to indicate a specifically used channel format.For example, 0 may be used to represent a 1-symbol control channel, 1represents a 2-symbol control channel, and 2 represents a long controlchannel.

The transmission carrier indication information is used to indicate atype of a current carrier, or a frequency range (a high frequency or alow frequency) of a current carrier, or a configuration parameterrelated to a current carrier frequency, for example, one or more typesof information such as a subcarrier spacing, a sub-band size, aconfiguration of a bandwidth part, and a maximum quantity of carriersthat can be supported. One piece of indication information may be usedto indicate specifically used carrier frequency. For example, 0 may beused to indicate a low frequency below 6 GHz, and 1 is used to indicatea high frequency above 6 GHz.

The reference signal configuration information is used to indicatewhether reference signals on a plurality of time domain resources forsending the message are bound in time domain, and/or to indicate one ormore types of generation parameters for the reference signals, where thegeneration parameters for the reference signals include: an initialvalue of a generation sequence, a root sequence number of the generationsequence, a cyclic shift value of the generation sequence, an orthogonalsequence index of the generation sequence, and the like.

Transmission parameters and service features corresponding to theforegoing frequency hopping parameters are greatly different from eachother. The physical resource used to send the to-be-transmitted messageis determined by using one or more types of the foregoing frequencyhopping parameter, and different frequency hopping manners may be givenfor different transmission parameters and services, to obtain optimaltransmission performance.

Method 5: In step 402, the transmit end determines the physical resourcebased on the resource allocation information, the frequency hoppingparameter, and a configured frequency domain offset value.

For example, the frequency hopping parameter is the beam indicationinformation. It is assumed that the beam indication information is abeam identifier, and the transmit end determines a physical resourceduring a transmission based on the beam identifier and the frequencydomain offset value. In a possible implementation, the foregoingphysical resource is determined by using a formula (11).

n _(PRB)(i)=ñ _(PRB)(i)+Ñ _(RB) ^(HO)/2+B _(ID)*Δ  formula (11).

Herein, B_(ID) represents the beam identifier, and Δ represents thefrequency domain offset value. For other parameters, refer to thedescription in the formula (2). Details are not described herein again.

Method 6: In step 402, the transmit end determines an initial value of athird random sequence based on the resource allocation information andthe frequency hopping parameter, generates the third random sequence,and determines the physical resource based on the third random sequence.

For example, the frequency hopping parameter is the beam indicationinformation. It is assumed that the beam indication information is abeam identifier, and the initial value of the third random sequence isgenerated based on the beam identifier. In a possible implementation,the initial value of the third random sequence is generated by using aformula (12), to further determine the physical resource.

c _(init)=2^(N+M)·(n _(f) mod K)+2^(M) ·N _(ID) ^(cell) +B_(ID)  formula (12)

Herein, c_(init) is the initial value of the third random sequence,N_(ID) ^(cell) represents a cell identifier, K is a positive integer,n_(f) represents a system frame number, M and N are positive integers, Mis a possible quantity of bits occupied by the beam identifier, and N isa quantity of bits occupied by the cell identifier. For example, if avalue range of N_(ID) ^(cell) is 0-503, N is 9; or if a value range ofN_(ID) ^(cell) is 0-999, N is 10. For another example, if a value rangeof the beam identifier B_(ID) is 0-7, a value of M is 3.

When performing frequency hopping between bandwidth parts, the transmitend determines the foregoing physical resource by using any one of theforegoing frequency hopping parameters in combination with the bandwidthpart indication information. In a possible implementation, the foregoingphysical resource is determined by using a formula (13).

For example, the frequency hopping parameter is the beam indicationinformation. It is assumed that the beam indication information is abeam identifier, and it is determined that the beam identifier is usedwhen frequency hopping is performed in different bandwidth parts.

PRB(n _(s))=(PRB _(START,BP)(n _(s))+N _(O) +a·B _(ID))mod N_(TBP)  formula (13)

For a meaning of each parameter, refer to the formula (9) and theformula (12). Details are not described herein again.

In different beam solutions, there are different frequency hoppingmanners for different frequency hopping parameters. This reducesinterference between different beams, and achieves optimal transmissionperformance.

In the foregoing formula (11) to formula (13), the example in which thefrequency hopping parameter is the beam indication information is usedfor description. When the frequency hopping parameter is anotherparameter described above, the frequency hopping parameter may be usedto replace the beam identifier in the foregoing formula to determine thephysical resource in a same manner.

Further, a combination of at least two types of parameters may be usedto determine the physical resource.

For example, in the formula (11), a physical resource may be determinedby using both a slot type and a beam identifier. For details, refer to aformula (14).

n _(PRB)(i)=ñ _(PRB)(i)+Ñ _(RB) ^(HO)/2+B _(ID)*Δ₁ +T_(slot)*Δ₂  formula (14)

Toot represents a slot type, Δ₁ represents a frequency domain offsetvalue of the beam identifier, and Δ₂ represents a frequency domainoffset value of the slot type. For meanings of other parameters, referto the description of the formula (11). Details are not described hereinagain.

For another example, in the formula (12), the initial value of the thirdrandom sequence may be generated by using both a slot type and a beamidentifier, to further determine the physical resource. For details,refer to a formula (15).

c _(init)=2^(N+M)·(n _(f) mod K)+2^(M) ·N _(ID) ^(cell) +B _(ID) +T_(slot)  formula (15)

For a meaning of each parameter, refer to the formula (12) and theformula (14). Details are not described herein again.

For still another example, in the formula (13), the physical resourcemay be determined by using both a slot type and a beam identifier. Fordetails, refer to a formula (16).

PRB(n _(s))=(PRB _(START,BP)(n _(s))+N _(O) +a·B _(ID) +b·T _(slot))modN _(TBP)  formula (16)

Herein, a and b are constants. For meanings of other parameters, referto the formula (13). Details are not described herein again.

In conclusion, the manners of determining the physical resource in theforegoing Method 1 to Method 6 may be designed for different contentincluded in the frequency hopping parameter.

When the foregoing frequency hopping parameters used by a transmit endduring a transmission include only one type of frequency hoppingparameter different from those used by another transmit end, accordingto the foregoing embodiment, a transmit end 1 and a transmit end 2 mayhave different physical resources for an actual transmission in theforegoing frequency hopping manners during the transmission, so thatcontinuous resource conflicts or collisions between the two UEs duringthe transmission can be avoided.

Optionally, in step 402, the transmit end further obtains a frequencyhopping type, and the frequency hopping type is used to indicate amanner of determining a physical resource used by the transmit end toobtain the to-be-transmitted message. For example, the frequency hoppingtype includes any one frequency hopping type in the foregoing Method 1to Method 6.

Optionally, the transmit end obtains the frequency hopping type by usingat least one of the following indication information: indicationinformation of a bandwidth part allocated to the transmit end andindication information of resource allocation in a bandwidth part.

Specifically, for example, the frequency hopping type is explicitly orimplicitly indicated by using the indication information of thebandwidth part. When the indication of bandwidth part is used toindicate a bandwidth part in which the transmit end performs atransmission, the information is further used to explicitly orimplicitly indicate a hopping manner or a frequency hopping parameter.

For another example, the frequency hopping type (which may include ahopping manner or a frequency hopping parameter) is explicitly orimplicitly indicated by using the indication information of resourceallocation in the bandwidth part.

For still another example, the frequency hopping type (which may includea hopping manner or a frequency hopping parameter) is explicitly orimplicitly indicated by using the indication information of thebandwidth part and the indication information of resource allocation inthe bandwidth part.

Optionally, the frequency hopping type may be indicated by using boththe indication information of the bandwidth part and other indicationinformation indicating a frequency hopping manner. For example, 1 bit isused to indicate whether the terminal performs intra-bandwidth partfrequency hopping or performs inter-bandwidth part frequency hopping.For example, in Table 1, 1 bit is used to indicate whether the terminalperforms frequency hopping in a bandwidth part. For example, 1 indicatesyes, and 0 indicates that the terminal performs inter-bandwidth partfrequency hopping. When a value of the bit is 0, the bandwidth partindication information is no longer used to indicate a bandwidth part,but is used to indicate different manners of performing frequencyhopping in a carrier bandwidth or a system bandwidth. When a value ofthe bit is 1, it indicates that frequency hopping may be performed in abandwidth part, and then a bandwidth part in which a transmission andfrequency hopping are performed is determined based on indicationinformation of the bandwidth part, and indication information in thebandwidth part is used to indicate a frequency hopping manner. Abandwidth part is represented by using a Part 1, a Part 2, a Part 3, anda Part 4, . . . . A frequency hopping pattern is represented by using aPattern 1, a Pattern 2, a Pattern 3, a Pattern 4, . . . .

Optionally, three types of indication information are used tosimultaneously indicate a frequency hopping manner and include frequencyhopping indication information related to a bandwidth part, thebandwidth part, and resource allocation indication information in thebandwidth part.

TABLE 1 Indicating whether Indication frequency hopping is BandwidthBandwidth information intra-bandwidth part part for in the Frequencypart frequency indication frequency bandwidth hopping hopping or notinformation hopping part pattern Intra-bandwidth 1 00 Part 1 00 Pattern1 frequency 1 01 Part 2 01 Pattern 2 hopping 1 10 Part 3 10 Pattern 3 111 Part 4 11 Pattern 4 Full-bandwidth 0 00 System — Pattern 1′ frequency0 01 bandwidth — Pattern 2′ hopping 0 10 — Pattern 3′ 0 11 — Pattern 4′

Optionally, before step 402, the transmit end further obtains indicationinformation, where the indication information is used to instruct thetransmit end to determine, in a bandwidth part, the physical resourceused by the to-be-transmitted message, or the indication information isused to instruct the transmit end to determine, between bandwidth parts,the physical resource used by the to-be-transmitted message. Forexample, different signaling or different values indicated by samesignaling are used to indicate whether the transmit end performsinter-bandwidth part frequency hopping. The formula (4) is used as anexample. When a manner of determining the physical resource used by theto-be-transmitted message is represented as

${{PRB}\left( n_{s} \right)} = \left\{ {\begin{matrix}{{PRB}_{BP}\left( n_{s} \right)} \\{\left( {{{PRB}_{BP}\left( n_{s} \right)} + {\left( {n_{s}{mod}\; M} \right) \cdot N_{BP}}} \right)\; {mod}\; N_{TBP}}\end{matrix},} \right.$

where PRB(n_(s))=PRB_(BP)(n_(s)), it indicates that the transmit endperforms intra-bandwidth part frequency hopping, in other words, thephysical resource used by the to-be-transmitted message is determined ina bandwidth part. When PRB(n_(s))=(PRB_(BP)(n_(s))+(n_(s) mod M)·N) modN_(TBP), it indicates that the transmit end performs inter-bandwidthpart frequency hopping, in other words, the physical resource used bythe to-be-transmitted message is determined between bandwidth parts.

In this way, different frequency hopping manners are used forintra-bandwidth part frequency hopping and inter-bandwidth partfrequency hopping, and a corresponding frequency hopping solution may beprovided for terminals of different bandwidth capability types, so thata system can support the terminals of the different bandwidth capabilitytypes in simultaneously performing frequency hopping, thereby improvingsystem flexibility and communication efficiency.

Optionally, different values of the frequency hopping parameter areassociated with different configuration parameters for determining thephysical resource used by the to-be-transmitted message.

Specifically, when a same frequency hopping parameter and a samefrequency hopping formula are used to determine the physical resource,for different values of the frequency hopping parameter, differentvalues need to be selected for the configuration parameters fordetermining the physical resource, where the configuration parametersinclude one or more types of a bandwidth part, a frequency domain offsetvalue, a frequency domain start location, and the like.

Optionally, different values of the frequency hopping parameter areassociated with different frequency hopping types, and the frequencyhopping type is used to indicate a manner of determining a physicalresource used by the transmit end to obtain the to-be-transmittedmessage. In a possible implementation, different values of carrier typescorrespond to different frequency hopping types. For example, afrequency hopping type 1 is used for a high frequency carrier, and afrequency hopping type 2 is used for a low frequency carrier.

In this way, different configuration parameters or frequency hoppingtypes are configured for different values of the frequency hoppingparameter, to implement a pertinent optimized frequency hopping solutionfor the different values of the frequency hopping parameter, therebyachieving an optimal transmission effect.

As described above, in this embodiment of this application, a time unitmay be a slot, a mini-slot, or a slot aggregation. It may be consideredthat one time unit includes at least one slot, or one time unit includesat least one symbol in one slot.

If the time unit includes at least one symbol in one slot, that thetransmit end determines the physical resource is actually as follows:The transmit end determines a frequency domain resource location atwhich the to-be-transmitted message is mapped in different symbols inone slot.

One slot includes a first part and a second part in time domain, thefirst part includes first reference signals and a first data symbol, thesecond part includes a second data symbol, and the different symbols inthe slot include the first data symbol and the second data symbol.Optionally, the first data symbol is located at a fourth frequencydomain resource location, and the second data symbol is located at afifth frequency domain resource location; and the first referencesignals are separately located at the fourth frequency domain resourcelocation and the fifth frequency domain resource location in frequencydomain.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8, data signals are divided into two partsin frequency domain that respectively occupy the fourth frequency domainresource location and the fifth frequency domain resource location, anddifferent parts are sent in the first data symbol and the second datasymbol in the slot. To support demodulation of a latter part of data, afirst reference signal needs to be sent at each of the two frequencydomain locations at which the data appears. A slot shown in FIG. 8 is ofseven symbols, and to-be-transmitted data signals may be separatelyplaced at different frequency domain resource locations in the firstfour symbols and the last three symbols. Then, same first referencesignals are placed on corresponding bandwidths corresponding to thesetwo parts of frequency domain resource locations, and transmit power onthe first reference signals is correspondingly scaled in ratios of thetwo bandwidths. For example, when lengths of two parts of frequencydomain data are equal, power of two parts of the first reference signalseach occupies half of power in a symbol at that time.

3GPP agrees that a symbol of an additional DMRS can be configured at anecessary location in one slot. Based on this, optionally, the secondpart further includes a second reference signal. The second referencesignal is located at a time domain start location of the second part.

As shown in FIG. 9, R′ represents an additionally configured DMRS, thatis, the second reference signal. When an additional DMRS is configuredfor the terminal in one slot, the terminal supports intra-slot frequencyhopping. A location of frequency hopping starts from a location of theadditional DMRS.

To be specific, a time domain location of a physical resource on whichintra-slot hopping is performed is determined based on a symbol locationat which the intra-slot hopping occurs.

A manner of determining the physical resource for the intra-slot hoppingmay be obtained by partially adjusting the foregoing Method 1 to Method6. Specifically, a value of the index i of the time domain resourceneeds to be revised, for example, i=└l/K┘ or i=2n_(s)+l mod K. K=4 or 7,l is an index of a symbol location in a slot, and K is the symbollocation at which the intra-slot hopping occurs.

Optionally, when reference signals can be bound in time domain fortransmission, as shown in FIG. 10, a same frequency hopping type is usedin several slots in which reference signals are bound. In this case, theforegoing time unit includes at least two slots. In step 403, thetransmit end sends the to-be-transmitted message in a manner of bindingreference signals in the at least two slots and by using a samefrequency domain resource.

If the index of the time domain resource used to send theto-be-transmitted message is used by the transmit end to determine thephysical resource, the index of the time domain resource used to sendthe to-be-transmitted message is determined by using indexes of slots inwhich the reference signals are bound and a quantity of slots in whichthe reference signals are bound. For example, the value of the index iof the time domain resource used to send the to-be-transmitted messageis i=└n_(s)/K′, where K is a configured quantity of slots in which thereference signals are bound.

The foregoing method in this embodiment of this application may be usedfor dynamic scheduling, or may be used for semi-persistent scheduling,or may be used for a plurality of retransmissions of one piece of dataor for a transmission in a slot aggregation. The solutions of thepresent invention may be used for frequency hopping between differentslots and intra-slot frequency hopping. When intra-slot frequencyhopping is performed, a frequency diversity gain of one data packet in asingle transmission may be obtained. When inter-slot frequency hoppingis performed, a same data packet (for example, a plurality ofretransmissions of a same data packet) or data packets of same UE atdifferent moments (such as a plurality of data packets in asemi-persistent transmission of one UE) may be transmitted at differentfrequencies, to obtain a frequency diversity gain. When a transmissionis performed in a slot aggregation manner, a frequency hopping solutionof the present invention may be used in a plurality of aggregationslots, and a frequency hopping solution of the present invention mayalso be used between a plurality of aggregation slots, to provide afrequency diversity gain for a transmission of the aggregation slots.

Based on the architecture of the communications system shown in FIG. 1,as shown in FIG. 11, an embodiment of this application further providesa reference signal sending method, and a specific procedure is asfollows:

Step 1101: A transmit end determines a reference signal sequence basedon a first parameter, where the first parameter includes at least one ofthe following: bandwidth part indication information, beam indicationinformation, reference signal configuration information, subcarrierspacing indication information, transmission waveform indicationinformation, slot type indication information, channel type indicationinformation, and transmission carrier indication information.

Step 1102: The transmit end generates a reference signal by using thereference signal sequence.

Step 1103: The transmit end sends the reference signal, and a receiveend receives the reference signal.

Step 1104: The receive end parses the reference signal.

A method used by the receive end to parse the reference signalcorresponds to a method used by the transmit end to send the referencesignal. No repeated description is provided.

Optionally, the reference signal includes at least one of the following:a demodulation reference signal, a reference signal for transmittingcontrol information, a sounding reference signal, a positioningreference signal, channel state information reference information, and aphase tracking reference signal.

Optionally, the transmit end determines a second parameter based on thefirst parameter, where the second parameter includes at least one of thefollowing: a cyclic shift value, an orthogonal sequence index, a rootsequence index, and an initial value; and determines the referencesignal sequence based on the second parameter.

If the second parameter includes the cyclic shift value,correspondingly, the transmit end determines the cyclic shift valuebased on the first parameter and a third parameter, where the thirdparameter includes at least one of the following: an indication value ofthe cyclic shift value, resource indication information for sending thereference signal, an orthogonal sequence index for generating thereference signal, a root sequence index for generating the referencesignal, and a spreading factor value for generating the referencesignal.

Optionally, the transmit end determines a cell-specific cyclic shiftvalue by using the first parameter; and the transmit end determines thecyclic shift value by using the cell-specific cyclic shift value.

Optionally, that the transmit end determines a cell-specific cyclicshift value by using the first parameter is implemented in the followingmanner: The transmit end determines an initial value of a randomsequence by using the first parameter; and the transmit end generatesthe cell-specific cyclic shift value by using the random sequence.

Optionally, the cyclic shift value is determined by using thecell-specific cyclic shift value and the third parameter.

Optionally, the orthogonal sequence index is determined by using thefirst parameter and a fourth parameter, and the fourth parameterincludes at least one of the following: an indication value of theorthogonal sequence index, resource indication information for sendingthe reference signal, the cyclic shift value for generating thereference signal, a root sequence index for generating the referencesignal, and a spreading factor value for generating the referencesignal.

Optionally, the root sequence index is determined by using the firstparameter and a fifth parameter, and the fifth parameter includes atleast one of the following: an indication value of the root sequenceindex, resource indication information for sending the reference signal,the cyclic shift value for generating the reference signal, anorthogonal sequence index for generating the reference signal, and aspreading factor value for generating the reference signal.

Optionally, the second parameter includes the root sequence index. Thetransmit end determines an initial value of a random sequence by usingthe first parameter, and the transmit end generates the root sequenceindex by using the random sequence.

Optionally, the second parameter includes the root sequence index. Thetransmit end determines a sequence hop and/or a group hop by using thefirst parameter, and the transmit end determines the root sequence indexby using the sequence hop and/or the group hop.

Optionally, the group hop includes: determining a sequence group numberand/or a group hop pattern by using the first parameter, and determiningthe group hop by using the sequence group number and/or the group hoppattern.

In this way, different reference signals may be generated when any oneor more of the first parameters have different values, so thatinterference between sequences can be reduced or randomized for thereference signals. For example, when terminals with different beamsgenerate reference signals, reference signal sequences generated by theterminals are different, thereby reducing sequence interference betweenthe terminals with different beams and a same time-frequency resource.

Based on the reference signal sending method shown in FIG. 11, thefollowing makes a further detailed description with reference to aspecific application scenario.

The reference signal may be a reference signal used to send uplinkcontrol information (UCI). For example, the UCI includes a hybridautomatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement message or channel stateinformation (CSI). The reference signal may also be used as a referencesignal for demodulation, such as a DMRS, or may be used as a referencesignal for channel listening, such as a sounding reference signal (SRS).

For example, the second parameter includes a root sequence number (u) ofa sequence, a cyclic shift (CS) value of the sequence, an orthogonalcover code (OCC) of the sequence, and an initial value of the sequence.

The foregoing three types of second parameters are generated based onthe first parameter to further eliminate, reduce, or randomizeinterference generated between sequences. For example, a terminal 1performs a transmission on a beam 1, and a terminal 2 performs atransmission on a beam 2. When other transmission parameters of theterminal 1 and the terminal 2 are the same, and one of different u, CS,OCC, or initial values of the sequence is selected for the terminal 1and the terminal 2 based on different beam values, orthogonality betweensequences of the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 can be ensured, therebyreducing interference between a plurality of user sequences.

The following separately describes specific methods for generating theroot sequence number (u) of the sequence, the cyclic shift (CS) value ofthe sequence, and the orthogonal cover code (OCC) of the sequence byusing the foregoing first parameters.

The method for generating the cyclic shift value of the sequence is asfollows:

Manner 1: A common CS value of a cell is generated by using one or moretypes of the first parameters.

n _(CS) ^(cell)(n _(s) ,l)=Σ_(i=0) ⁷ c(8N _(symb) ^(UL) ·n_(s)+8l+i)·2^(i)  formula (17)

Herein, c represents a random function, and an initial value cinit of cmay be generated by using one or more types of the first parameters, forexample, may be determined in one or more of the following manners:

2^(M) N _(BF) +n _(ID) ^(RS),

2^(M) N _(BP) +n _(ID) ^(RS),

2^(M) N _(RS-cnf) +n _(ID) ^(RS),

2^(M) N _(channel-type) +n _(ID) ^(RS),

2^(M) N _(slot-type) +n _(ID) ^(RS),

2^(M) N _(CFI) +n _(ID) ^(RS),

2^(M) N _(SCS) +n _(ID) ^(RS), and

2^(M) N _(wave-form) +n _(ID) ^(RS).

Further, the initial value cinit of c may be further generatedsimultaneously by using a plurality of types of the first parameters,for example,

2^(M+M) ¹ N _(BF)+2^(M) ¹ N _(BP) +n _(ID) ^(RS)  formula (18)

Manner 2: A user-specific CS value is generated by using one or moretypes of the first parameters and a common CS value of a cell.

For example, one or more of the following manners are determined:

n _(cs) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s) ,l)=[n _(cs) ^(cell)(n _(s) ,l)+(N_(BF)·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH))] mod N _(sc) ^(RB), and

n _(cs) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s) ,l)=[n _(cs) ^(cell)(n _(s) ,l)+(N_(x)·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH))] mod N _(sc) ^(RB).

Nx is used to represent a value of any type of the first parameters.

In Manner 2, in an optional implementation:

Manner a0: The CS value is determined based on a first parameter and anindication information value.

n _(cs) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s) ,l)=[n _(cs) ^(cell)(n _(s) ,l)+N_(x) +n _(csf)] mod N _(sc) ^(RB)  formula (19)

Herein, n_(csf) is a CS value configured by a base station.

Manner 2a: Terminal-specific cyclic shift values are separatelydetermined for terminals by using one or more types of the firstparameters.

Manner 2b: Further, optionally, the user-specific CS value is determinedby using the first parameter and an index of a time domain resource onwhich a terminal is located. The formula in the foregoing example isalso related to a slot number “ns” and a symbol number “1”.

Manner 2c: Optionally, the user-specific CS value is determined by usingthe first parameter, and an index of a time domain resource and afrequency domain resource on which a terminal is located.

For example,

n _(cs) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s) ,l)=[n _(cs) ^(cell)(n _(s) ,l)+(N_(x)·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH))+n _(PUCCH) ^(({tilde over (p)}))] mod N _(sc)^(RB)  formula (20)

Herein, n_(PUCCH) ^(({tilde over (p)})) indicates an index of afrequency domain resource on an antenna port p.

Manner 2d: Further, optionally, the user-specific CS value is determinedby using the first parameter, an index of a time domain resource and afrequency domain resource on which a terminal is located, and the OCC.

For example,

n _(cs) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s) ,l)=[n _(cs) ^(cell)(n _(s) ,l)+(N_(x)·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH))+n _(PUCCH) ^(({tilde over (p)})) +n _(OC)^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s))mod Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH)] mod N _(sc)^(RB)  formula (21)

Manner 2e: Further, optionally, the CS value is determined by using anymethod in Manner 2a to Manner 2d and a spreading factor of a terminal.

For example,

n _(cs) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s) ,l)=[n _(cs) ^(cell)(n _(s) ,l)+(N_(x)·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH))+n _(PUCCH) ^(({tilde over (p)})) ·N _(SF) +n_(OC) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s))mod Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH)] mod N _(sc)^(RB).

Herein, N_(SF) represents the spreading factor.

The cyclic shift value means a new sequence generated after a cyclicshift is performed on a sequence in a specific length. For example,after a cyclic shift is performed on a ZC sequence or another sequencethat has a zero correlation value based on a specific step, there is azero correlation feature between an original sequence and sequences indifferent lengths that are obtained after cyclic shifts are performed.When different values of the first parameter are used, an idealcorrelation feature (a correlation value is zero) between the sequencesmay be obtained by using different cyclic shift values of the sequences.Therefore, for different terminals, different cyclic shifts of thesequences are generated based on the foregoing method when a value of afirst parameter is different, so that the sequences can be transmittedby using the ideal correlation feature for this parameter. Therefore,during a transmission of a plurality of user sequences, interferencebetween the sequences of an entire system is reduced, and performance ofthe entire system is improved.

The method for generating a value of the OCC is as follows:

During a sequence transmission, a block spread transmission of aplurality of concatenated sequences may be further performed. Onesequence is an OCC sequence, and another sequence is the foregoingdirect spread sequence for which a CS value needs to be generated.

In this embodiment of this application, an OCC value of a block spreadsequence may be determined based on a first parameter, and the CS valueof the direct spread sequence may be further simultaneously determinedbased on the first parameter.

The OCC usually defines a plurality of orthogonal sequences in a lengthof a block spread sequence, for example, in Table 2.

TABLE 2 Sequence index n_(oc) Orthogonal sequence 0 [+1 +1 +1 +1] 1 [+1−1 +1 −1] 2 [+1 −1 −1 +1]

Another example is shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 Sequence index n_(oc) Orthogonal sequence 0 [1 1 1] 1 [1e^(j2π/3) e^(j4π/3)] 2 [1 e^(j4π/3) e^(j2π/3)]

Still another example is shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 Orthogonal sequence Sequence index n_(oc) N_(SF) ^(PUCCH) = 5N_(SF) ^(PUCCH) = 4 0 [1 1 1 1 1] [+1 +1 +1 +1] 1 [1 e^(j2π/5) e^(j4π)/⁵e^(j6π)/⁵ e^(j8π/5)] [+1 −1 +1 −1] 2 [1 e^(j4π/5) e^(j8π/5) e^(j2π/5)e^(j6π/5)] [+1 +1 −1 −1] 3 [1 e^(j6π/5) e^(j2π/5) e^(j8π/5) e^(j4π/5)][+1 −1 −1 +1] 4 [1 e^(j8π/5) e^(j6π/5) e^(j4π/5) e^(j2π/5)] —

In conclusion, an orthogonal sequence in a corresponding length canalways be found for block spread spectrum in different lengths. In thisembodiment of this application, indexes of orthogonal sequences indifferent lengths need to be determined, in other words, a specificorthogonal sequence in a specific block spread sequence is used during atransmission needs to be determined. For example,

n _(oc) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s))└(n _({tilde over (p)})(n_(s))·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH) +N _(x))/N┘.

For another example,

n _(oc) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s))└(n _({tilde over (p)})(n_(s))·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH) +N _(x) +N _(y))/N┘,

n _(oc) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s))└(n _({tilde over (p)})(n_(s))·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH) +N _(x)·_(shift) ^(PUCCH) +N _(y))/N┘, and

n _(oc) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s))└(n _({tilde over (p)})(n _(s))+N_(x) +N _(y))·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH) /N┘

Herein, N_(x) and N_(y) indicate parameter values of different firstparameters.

Specifically, the OCC value may be determined based on one of thefollowing manners:

Manner X0: The OCC value is determined based on a first parameter and anindication information value.

n _(oc) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s))=└(n _(ocf) +N _(x))/N┘

Herein, n_(ocf) is an OCC value configured by the base station.

Manner X1: The OCC value is determined based on a first parameter and atime-frequency resource, for example,

n _(oc) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s))=└(n _({tilde over (p)})(n_(s))·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH) +N _(x))/N┘.

Manner X2: The OCC value is determined based on a first parameter and aCS value, for example,

n _(oc) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s))=└(n _(cs) ^({tilde over (p)})(n_(s))·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH) +N _(x))/N┘.

Manner X3: The OCC value is determined based on a first parameter and avalue of u, for example,

n _(oc) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s))=└(n _(cs) ^({tilde over (p)})(n_(s))·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH) +u)/N┘.

Manner X4: The OCC value is determined based on a first parameter, and aCS value and a value of u, for example,

n _(oc) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s))=└(n _(cs) ^({tilde over (p)})(n_(s))·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH) +N _(x) +u)/N┘.

Manner X5: The OCC value is determined based on a first parameter, and atime-frequency resource, a CS value, and a value of u, for example,

n _(oc) ^(({tilde over (p)}))(n _(s))=└(n _(cs) ^({tilde over (p)})(n_(s))·Δ_(shift) ^(PUCCH) +n _({tilde over (p)})(n _(s))N _(x) +u)/N┘.

In this embodiment of this application, it is proposed that firstparameters are used to generate an OCC value, to further randomizeinterference on a block spread sequence. When different terminalsperform transmissions based on different values of the first parameters,orthogonality between these terminals is ensured, so that transmittedfirst parameters can be orthogonal between different terminals, therebyreducing interference between a plurality of users when the firstparameters are transmitted. For example, a terminal 1 performs atransmission on a beam 1, and a terminal 2 performs a transmission on abeam 2. When other transmission parameters of the terminal 1 and theterminal 2 are the same, and different values of an OCC are selected forthe terminal 1 and the terminal 2 based on different beam values,orthogonality between sequences of the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 canbe ensured, thereby reducing interference between a plurality of usersequences.

The method for generating a value of the root sequence number is asfollows:

To determine a root sequence number of a ZC sequence is to determine thefollowing parameter q:

${{x_{q}(m)} = e^{{- j}\frac{\pi \; {{qm}{({m + 1})}}}{N_{ZC}^{RS}}}},\mspace{14mu} {0 \leq m \leq {N_{ZC}^{RS} - 1.}}$

Herein, q represents the root sequence number of the ZC sequence, N_(ZC)^(RS) represents a length of the ZC sequence, and m is an independentvariable of a generation sequence.

A determining manner may be any one of the following:

Manner 1: The parameter q is directly determined based on a firstparameter:

q=N _(x).

Optionally, the parameter q may be further determined by using aplurality of first parameters:

q=N _(x) +N _(y).

Manner 2: The parameter q is determined by using a configured parameterand a first parameter:

q=q ₀ +N _(x).

Optionally, the parameter q may be further determined by using aconfigured parameter and a plurality of first parameters:

q=q ₀ +N _(x) +N _(y).

Manner 3: The parameter q is determined by using a first parameter andindication information of a frequency domain resource:

q=n _(p) +N _(x).

n_(P) indicates a used frequency domain resource.

Manner 4: The parameter q is determined by using a first parameter andindication information of a time domain resource:

q=n _(s) +N _(x).

n_(s) indicates a current slot index.

Manner 5: The parameter q is determined by using a first parameter andindication information of a time domain resource and a frequency domainresource:

q=n _(s) +n _(p) +N _(x).

Manner 6: The parameter q is determined by using a sequence hop and asequence group hop, where any one of the sequence hop and the sequencegroup hop is determined by using a first parameter.

For example,

q=└q+½┘±v·(−1)^(└2q┘)

q=N _(ZC) ^(RS)·(u+1)/31

u is a sequence group hop parameter:

u=(f _(gh)(n _(s))+f _(ss))mod 30.

Herein, f_(gh)(n_(s)) is a group hop template, and f_(ss) is a sequencehop shift template.

Herein,

f _(gh)(n _(s))=(Σ_(i=0) ⁷ c(8n _(s) +i)·2^(i))mod 30,

f _(ss) ^(PUCCH) =n _(ID) ^(RS) mod 30, and

f _(SS) ^(PUSCH)=(N _(ID) ^(cell)+Δ_(ss))mod 30.

In this embodiment of this application, f_(gh)(n_(s)) and/or f_(ss) maybe generated in one of the following manners:

Manner 1: f_(gh)(n_(s)) is directly generated by using a firstparameter. A generation manner is the same as the foregoing generationmanner of a value of q, but a modulo operation needs to be performedonly on a constant.

For example,

f _(gh)(n _(s))=n _(s) mod 30

f _(gh)(n _(s))=(n _(s) +N _(x))mod 30

f _(gh)(n _(s))=(n _(s) +n _(p) +N _(x))mod 30, and

f _(gh)(n _(s))=(n _(s) +n _(p) +N _(x) +N _(ID) ^(cell))mod 30.

Manner 2: The sequence f_(gh)(n_(s)) is generated by using a randomfunction, and then an initial value of the random function is generatedby using a first parameter.

For example,

c _(init) =n _(s) mod 30

c _(init) =n _(s)/30,

c _(init)=(n _(s) +N _(x)),

c _(init)=(n _(s) +n _(p) +N _(x)), and

c _(init)=(N _(ID) ^(cell) +n _(s) +n _(p) +N _(x)).

Alternatively,

c _(init) =n _(s) mod 30

c _(init) =n _(s)/30,

c _(init)=(n _(s)+2^(M) ·N _(x)),

c _(init)=(n _(s)+2^(M+M) ¹ ·n _(p)+2^(M) ·N _(x)), and

c _(init)=(2^(M+M) ¹ ^(+M) ² N _(ID) ^(cell)+2^(M+M) ¹ ·n _(s)+2^(M) n_(p) +N _(x)).

A generation manner of f_(ss) is the same as Manner 1 of generatingf_(gh)(n_(s))

v is a sequence hop parameter.

$v = \left\{ \begin{matrix}{c\left( n_{s} \right)} & {A\mspace{14mu} {group}\mspace{14mu} {hop}\mspace{14mu} {is}\mspace{14mu} {off}\mspace{14mu} {while}\mspace{14mu} a\mspace{14mu} {sequence}\mspace{14mu} {hop}\mspace{14mu} {is}\mspace{14mu} {on}} \\0 & {Others}\end{matrix} \right.$

A generation manner of v is the same as Manner 2 of generatingf_(gh)(n_(s)).

Based on the architecture of the system shown in FIG. 1, as shown inFIG. 12, an embodiment of this application further provides a controlinformation sending method, and a specific procedure is as follows:

Step 1201: A transmit end obtains control information.

Step 1202: The transmit end maps the control information and a firstreference signal to a symbol that carries the control information, wherethe first reference signal is used to demodulate the controlinformation, and the control information and the first reference signalare time division or frequency division multiplexed in the symbol.

Step 1203: The transmit end sends the symbol, and a receive end receivesthe symbol.

Step 1204: The receive end parses the symbol.

A method used by the receive end to parse the symbol is similar to amethod used by the transmit end to send the control information. Norepeated description is provided.

Optionally, the control information and the first reference signal arefrequency division multiplexed in the symbol, and the transmit end sendsthe symbol after spectrum spreading is performed for the controlinformation by using a first frequency domain spreading factor.

Optionally, the transmit end maps a second reference signal to thesymbol that carries the control information, where the controlinformation, the first reference signal, and the second reference signalare frequency division multiplexed in the symbol, and the secondreference signal is a sounding signal.

Correspondingly, the transmit end sends the symbol after performingspectrum spreading for the control information by using a secondfrequency domain spreading factor.

Optionally, the second spreading factor is less than the first spreadingfactor.

Optionally, the second reference signal occupies a frequency domainresource on which the first reference signal is located.

Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signalare code division multiplexed, or one of the first reference signal andthe second reference signal is not sent.

Optionally, after converting the control information arranged accordingto a preset rule and the first reference signal into frequency domainsignals, the transmit end maps the frequency domain signals to frequencydomain resources corresponding to the symbol.

Optionally, the transmit end maps the frequency domain signals to asubcarrier on which the second reference signal is not located and thatis on the frequency domain resources corresponding to the symbol.

Optionally, the transmit end allocates transmit power based onpriorities when the transmit power is limited, where a descending orderof the priorities is from the control information to the secondreference signal.

Optionally, the transmit end allocates transmit power based onpriorities when the transmit power is limited, where the transmit enddetermines an order of priorities of the control information and thesecond reference signal based on a message type included in the controlinformation.

Optionally, when transmit power is limited, the transmit end discardsthe second reference signal, and sends the control information.

Optionally, when transmit power is limited, the transmit end discardsthe second reference signal, and sends information with a higherpriority in the control information.

Optionally, the symbol includes a first time domain resource and asecond time domain resource. When transmit power is limited, thetransmit end maps the control information and the first reference signalto the first time domain resource for sending, and maps the secondreference signal to the second time domain resource for sending.

Optionally, the symbol includes a first time domain resource and asecond time domain resource. When transmit power is limited, thetransmit end maps a first part of the control information and the firstreference signal to the first time domain resource for sending, and mapsa second part of the control information and the second reference signalto the second time domain resource for sending.

Optionally, a quantity of symbols that carry the control information is1 or 2.

Optionally, the quantity of symbols that carry the control informationis 2, the first reference signal is in the first symbol, and the controlinformation and the second reference signal are in the second symbol.

Optionally, the second reference signal is any one of the following: asounding reference signal, a demodulation reference signal, apositioning reference signal, a phase tracking reference signal, channelstate information reference information, and a reference signal fortransmitting control information.

Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signalare used for different subcarrier spacings or different service types ordifferent channel types, which may be different control channel types ormay be different control channel types and different service channeltypes.

Based on the control information sending method shown in FIG. 12, thefollowing makes a further detailed description with reference to aspecific application scenario.

For example, the control information is a PUCCH, the first referencesignal is a DMRS, and the second reference signal is an SRS.

Currently, a 1-symbol PUCCH and a 2-symbol PUCCH may be used. In the twoPUCCH formats, in this embodiment of this application, the 1-symbolPUCCH and the 2-symbol PUCCH are simultaneously transmitted with theSRS.

A method for multiplexing an SRS and a PUCCH in one symbol is shown inFIG. 13. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of multiplexing UCI in a1-symbol PUCCH and an SRS.

In a possible implementation, the UCI and the DMRS for demodulation arefrequency division multiplexed in one symbol, and a spreading factor ofthe UCI in frequency domain is adjusted based on whether an SRS exists.

As shown in FIG. 13, in a symbol that occupies 12 REs, a DMRS occupiesfour REs, and the UCI occupies eight REs. The UCI may be transmitted byusing a spreading factor of 8 or 4.

A manner of multiplexing the UCI and the DMRS in the symbol in which thePUCCH is located may be frequency division multiplexing, or the UCI andthe DMRS may be mapped, before DFT transform, to the symbol in which thePUCCH is located. This is not limited in this embodiment of thisapplication.

When the SRS also needs to be transmitted in the symbol of the PUCCH,the SRS occupies some REs in the UCI. As shown in FIG. 13, if the SRSoccupies four of the eight REs occupied by the UCI, a spreading factorof the UCI is correspondingly decreased to half of the originalspreading factor, to be specific, to four REs or two REs.

In a possible implementation, the DMRS and the SRS may be alternativelycode division multiplexed. As shown in FIG. 14, a DMRS and an SRS occupysame REs, and then code division is performed between the DMRS and theSRS by using different sequences.

In a possible implementation, as shown in FIG. 15, a DMRS and an SRSshare same REs, and only one reference signal is sent. In other words,the DMRS is discarded, and only the SRS is sent.

Further, when UCI and the SRS are transmitted in a same symbol anduplink transmit power of a terminal is limited, transmit power values ofthe UCI and the SRS need to be determined in the following manner.

Manner 0: Transmit power is allocated between the UCI and the SRS basedon a configured parameter.

Manner 1: Transmit power is preferably allocated to a subcarrier onwhich the UCI is located, and power of a subcarrier on which the SRS islocated is correspondingly decreased.

Manner 2: The to-be-sent SRS is directly discarded.

Manner 3: Priorities of power of the UCI and the SRS are determinedbased on content of signaling included in the UCI. If the UCI includes aHARQ acknowledgement message, the UCI has a higher priority. If a CQI inCSI is transmitted in the UCI, a priority of the CQI is lower or the CQIhas a same priority as the SRS.

During power allocation, power is preferably allocated to a message witha higher priority, and a message with a lower priority is preferablydiscarded. When the priorities of the UCI and the SRS are the same, thepower of the UCI and the power of the SRS are decreased in the sameratio.

Manner 4: The UCI and the SRS are sent in different slots.

For example, as shown in FIG. 16, if a 1-symbol PUCCH appears every twoslots, UCI and an SRS may be alternately sent at different PUCCHlocations.

This manner is only applicable to a scenario in which a priority ofinformation in the transmitted UCI is not higher than that of the SRS.Otherwise, relatively large negative impact is caused to sending of theUCI.

Manner 5: The UCI is divided into different parts, and some parts aresent in a slot in which the UCI is separately located. For example, theUCI may be an ACK or a NACK, beam information, or a PMI. The other partsare sent with the SRS in a same symbol. For example, the UCI may be aCQI or an RI.

A method for multiplexing an SRS and a PUCCH in two symbols is shown inFIG. 17a to FIG. 17 c.

Manners for multiplexing a DMRS and UCI include frequency divisionmultiplexing and time division multiplexing.

For the frequency division multiplexing manner, refer to FIG. 17a andFIG. 17b . For the frequency division multiplexing manner, refer to FIG.17a and FIG. 17c . In FIG. 17c , a DMRS occupies the first symbol, andUCI occupies the second symbol.

Manners of multiplexing the SRS and the UCI are as follows:

Manner 1: Frequency division multiplexing. The SRS occupies REs of theUCI in the second PUCCH symbol, and other remaining REs that are not ofthe DMRS are used to transmit the UCI. This is shown in FIG. 17 a.

Manner 2: Code division multiplexing. As shown in FIG. 17b , this caseis the same as that in the 1-symbol PUCCH.

Manner 3: The SRS and the DMRS share a same RE. This case is shown inFIG. 17b , only the SRS may be sent on a symbol in which the SRS islocated, but the DMRS is not sent on the symbol.

In this embodiment of the present invention, according to the foregoingmethod, an SRS and a PUCCH can be simultaneously sent, and anopportunity of preferably sending UCI can also be ensured.

Based on a same inventive concept as the communication method shown inFIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 18, an embodiment of this application furtherprovides a communications apparatus 1800. The communications apparatus1800 is configured to perform the communication method shown in FIG. 4,and the communications apparatus 1800 includes:

a processing unit 1801, configured to obtain a frequency hoppingparameter and resource allocation information of a to-be-transmittedmessage, where the frequency hopping parameter includes at least one ofbandwidth part indication information, beam indication information,reference signal configuration information, subcarrier spacingindication information, transmission waveform indication information,slot type indication information, channel type indication information,and transmission carrier indication information, where

the processing unit 1801 is further configured to determine, based onthe resource allocation information and the frequency hopping parameter,a physical resource used to send the to-be-transmitted message, wherethe physical resource includes information about a frequency domainresource on which the to-be-transmitted message is mapped in at leastone time unit; and

a sending unit 1802, configured to send the to-be-transmitted message byusing the physical resource determined by the processing unit 1801.

Optionally, the frequency hopping parameter includes the bandwidth partindication information.

The processing unit 1801 is specifically configured to: determine afirst frequency domain resource value in one bandwidth part based on theresource allocation information and the bandwidth part indicationinformation; determine a second frequency domain resource value in thebandwidth part based on the resource allocation information and thebandwidth part indication information; and determine the physicalresource based on the first frequency domain resource value and/or thesecond frequency domain resource value.

Optionally, the frequency hopping parameter includes at least one of thebeam indication information, the reference signal configurationinformation, the subcarrier spacing indication information, thetransmission waveform indication information, the slot type indicationinformation, the channel type indication information, and thetransmission carrier indication information.

Optionally, the processing unit 1801 is specifically configured to:determine the physical resource based on the resource allocationinformation, the frequency hopping parameter, and a configured frequencydomain offset value; or determine an initial value of a third randomsequence based on the resource allocation information and the frequencyhopping parameter, generate the third random sequence, and determine thephysical resource based on the third random sequence.

Optionally, the time unit includes at least one slot, or the time unitincludes at least one symbol in one slot.

Optionally, the time unit includes at least two slots. The sending unit1802 is specifically configured to send the to-be-transmitted message ina manner of binding reference signals in the at least two slots and byusing a same frequency domain resource.

Optionally, the processing unit 1801 is further configured to obtain afrequency hopping type, where the frequency hopping type is used toindicate a manner of determining a physical resource used by thetransmit end to obtain the to-be-transmitted message.

Optionally, the processing unit 1801 obtains the frequency hopping typeby using at least one of the following indication information:indication information of a bandwidth part allocated to thecommunications apparatus 1800 and indication information of resourceallocation in a bandwidth part.

Based on a same inventive concept as the communication method shown inFIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 19, an embodiment of this application furtherprovides a communications apparatus 1900. The communications apparatus1900 is configured to perform the communication method shown in FIG. 4,and the communications apparatus 1900 includes:

a receiving unit 1901, configured to receive a to-be-demodulated messagesent by a transmit end; and

a processing unit 1902, configured to obtain a frequency hoppingparameter and resource allocation information of the to-be-demodulatedmessage received by the receiving unit 1901, where the frequency hoppingparameter includes at least one of bandwidth part indicationinformation, beam indication information, reference signal configurationinformation, subcarrier spacing indication information, transmissionwaveform indication information, slot type indication information,channel type indication information, and transmission carrier indicationinformation, where

the processing unit 1902 is further configured to: determine, based onthe resource allocation information and the frequency hopping parameter,a physical resource used by the to-be-demodulated message, where thephysical resource includes information about a frequency domain resourceon which the to-be-demodulated message is mapped in at least one timeunit; and demodulate the to-be-demodulated message by using the physicalresource.

Optionally, the frequency hopping parameter includes the bandwidth partindication information. The processing unit 1902 is specificallyconfigured to: determine a first frequency domain resource value in onebandwidth part based on the resource allocation information and thebandwidth part indication information; determine a second frequencydomain resource value in the bandwidth part based on the resourceallocation information and the bandwidth part indication information;and determine the physical resource based on the first frequency domainresource value and/or the second frequency domain resource value.

Optionally, the frequency hopping parameter includes at least one of thebeam indication information, the reference signal configurationinformation, the subcarrier spacing indication information, thetransmission waveform indication information, the slot type indicationinformation, the channel type indication information, and thetransmission carrier indication information.

Optionally, the processing unit 1902 is specifically configured to:determine the physical resource based on the resource allocationinformation, the frequency hopping parameter, and a configured frequencydomain offset value; or determine an initial value of a third randomsequence based on the resource allocation information and the frequencyhopping parameter, generate the third random sequence, and determine thephysical resource based on the third random sequence.

Optionally, the time unit includes at least one slot, or the time unitincludes at least one symbol in one slot.

Optionally, the time unit includes at least two slots. The processingunit 1902 is specifically configured to demodulate the to-be-demodulatedmessage in a manner of binding reference signals in the at least twoslots and by using a same frequency domain resource.

Optionally, the processing unit 1902 is further configured to obtain afrequency hopping type, where the frequency hopping type is used toindicate a manner of determining the physical resource used by thereceive end to obtain the to-be-demodulated message.

Optionally, the processing unit 1902 obtains the frequency hopping typeby using at least one of the following indication information:indication information of a bandwidth part of the to-be-demodulatedmessage and indication information of resource allocation in a bandwidthpart of the to-be-demodulated message.

Based on a same inventive concept as the communication method shown inFIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 20, an embodiment of this application furtherprovides a communications apparatus 2000. The communications apparatus2000 may be configured to perform the method shown in FIG. 4. Thecommunications apparatus 2000 includes a transceiver 2001, a processor2002, a memory 2003, and a bus 2004. The processor 2002 and the memory2003 are connected by using the bus 2004. The processor 2002 isconfigured to execute code in the memory 2003, and when the code isexecuted, the processor 2002 performs the communication method shown inFIG. 4.

The processor 2002 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a networkprocessor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP.

The processor 2002 may further include a hardware chip. The foregoinghardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC),a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD maybe a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gatearray (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.

The memory 2003 may include a volatile memory, such as a random-accessmemory (RAM). Alternatively, the memory 2003 may include a non-volatilememory, such as a flash memory, a hard disk (HDD), or a solid-statedrive (SSD). Alternatively, the memory 2003 may include a combination ofthe foregoing types of memories.

Based on a same inventive concept as the communication method shown inFIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 21, an embodiment of this application furtherprovides a communications apparatus 2100. The communications apparatus2100 may be configured to perform the method shown in FIG. 4. Thecommunications apparatus 2100 includes a transceiver 2101, a processor2102, a memory 2103, and a bus 2104. The processor 2102 and the memory2103 are connected by using the bus 2104. The processor 2102 isconfigured to execute code in the memory 2103, and when the code isexecuted, the processor 2102 performs the communication method shown inFIG. 4.

The processor 2102 may be a central processing unit (CPU), a networkprocessor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP.

The processor 2102 may further include a hardware chip. The foregoinghardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC),a programmable logic device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD maybe a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gatearray (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.

The memory 2103 may include a volatile memory, such as a random-accessmemory (RAM). Alternatively, the memory 2103 may include a non-volatilememory, such as a flash memory, a hard disk (HDD), or a solid-statedrive (SSD). Alternatively, the memory 2103 may include a combination ofthe foregoing types of memories.

It should be noted that the communications apparatuses provided in FIG.18 and FIG. 19 may be configured to implement the communication methodshown in FIG. 4. In a specific implementation, the processing unit 1801in FIG. 18 may be implemented by using the processor 2002 in FIG. 20,and the sending unit 1802 may be implemented by using the transceiver2001 in FIG. 20. The processing unit 1902 in FIG. 19 may be implementedby using the processor 2102 in FIG. 21, and the receiving unit 1901 maybe implemented by using the transceiver 2101 in FIG. 21.

In the communications system 100 provided in FIG. 1 in the embodimentsof this application, the transmit end 101 may be a device provided inthe embodiment corresponding to FIG. 18 or FIG. 20. The receive end 102may be a device provided in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 19 orFIG. 21. The communications system 100 is configured to perform themethod in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4.

Based on a same inventive concept as the reference signal sending methodshown in FIG. 11, as shown in FIG. 22, an embodiment of this applicationfurther provides a reference signal sending apparatus 2200. Thereference signal sending apparatus 2200 is configured to perform thereference signal sending method shown in FIG. 11, and the referencesignal sending apparatus 2200 includes:

a processing unit 2201, configured to determine a reference signalsequence based on a first parameter, where the first parameter includesat least one of the following: bandwidth part indication information,beam indication information, reference signal configuration information,subcarrier spacing indication information, transmission waveformindication information, slot type indication information, channel typeindication information, and transmission carrier indication information,where

the processing unit 2201 is further configured to generate a referencesignal by using the reference signal sequence; and

a sending unit 2202, configured to send the reference signal.

Optionally, the reference signal includes at least one of the following:a demodulation reference signal, a reference signal for transmittingcontrol information, a sounding reference signal, a positioningreference signal, channel state information reference information, and aphase tracking reference signal.

Optionally, the transmit end determines a second parameter based on thefirst parameter, where the second parameter includes at least one of thefollowing: a cyclic shift value, an orthogonal sequence index, a rootsequence index, and an initial value; and determines the referencesignal sequence based on the second parameter.

If the second parameter includes the cyclic shift value,correspondingly, the transmit end determines the cyclic shift valuebased on the first parameter and a third parameter, where the thirdparameter includes at least one of the following: an indication value ofthe cyclic shift value, resource indication information for sending thereference signal, an orthogonal sequence index for generating thereference signal, a root sequence index for generating the referencesignal, and a spreading factor value for generating the referencesignal.

Optionally, the transmit end determines a cell-specific cyclic shiftvalue by using the first parameter; and the transmit end determines thecyclic shift value by using the cell-specific cyclic shift value.

Optionally, that the transmit end determines a cell-specific cyclicshift value by using the first parameter is implemented in the followingmanner: The transmit end determines an initial value of a randomsequence by using the first parameter; and the transmit end generatesthe cell-specific cyclic shift value by using the random sequence.

Optionally, the cyclic shift value is determined by using thecell-specific cyclic shift value and the third parameter.

Optionally, the orthogonal sequence index is determined by using thefirst parameter and a fourth parameter, and the fourth parameterincludes at least one of the following: an indication value of theorthogonal sequence index, resource indication information for sendingthe reference signal, the cyclic shift value for generating thereference signal, a root sequence index for generating the referencesignal, and a spreading factor value for generating the referencesignal.

Optionally, the root sequence index is determined by using the firstparameter and a fifth parameter, and the fifth parameter includes atleast one of the following: an indication value of the root sequenceindex, resource indication information for sending the reference signal,the cyclic shift value for generating the reference signal, anorthogonal sequence index for generating the reference signal, and aspreading factor value for generating the reference signal.

Optionally, the second parameter includes the root sequence index. Thetransmit end determines an initial value of a random sequence by usingthe first parameter, and the transmit end generates the root sequenceindex by using the random sequence.

Optionally, the second parameter includes the root sequence index. Thetransmit end determines a sequence hop and/or a group hop by using thefirst parameter, and the transmit end determines the root sequence indexby using the sequence hop and/or the group hop.

Optionally, the group hop includes: determining a sequence group numberand/or a group hop pattern by using the first parameter, and determiningthe group hop by using the sequence group number and/or the group hoppattern.

Based on a same inventive concept as the control information sendingmethod shown in FIG. 12, as shown in FIG. 23, an embodiment of thisapplication further provides a control information sending apparatus2300. The control information sending apparatus 2300 is configured toperform the control information sending method shown in FIG. 12, and thecontrol information sending apparatus 2300 includes:

a processing unit 2301, configured to obtain control information, where

the processing unit 2301 is further configured to map the controlinformation and a first reference signal to a symbol that carries thecontrol information, where the first reference signal is used todemodulate the control information, and the control information and thefirst reference signal are time division or frequency divisionmultiplexed in the symbol; and

a sending unit 2302, configured to send the symbol.

Optionally, the control information and the first reference signal arefrequency division multiplexed in the symbol, and the transmit end sendsthe symbol after spectrum spreading is performed for the controlinformation by using a first frequency domain spreading factor.

Optionally, the transmit end maps a second reference signal to thesymbol that carries the control information, where the controlinformation, the first reference signal, and the second reference signalare frequency division multiplexed in the symbol, and the secondreference signal is a sounding signal.

Correspondingly, the transmit end sends the symbol after performingspectrum spreading for the control information by using a secondfrequency domain spreading factor.

Optionally, the second spreading factor is less than the first spreadingfactor.

Optionally, the second reference signal occupies a frequency domainresource on which the first reference signal is located.

Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signalare code division multiplexed, or one of the first reference signal andthe second reference signal is not sent.

Optionally, after converting the control information arranged accordingto a preset rule and the first reference signal into frequency domainsignals, the transmit end maps the frequency domain signals to frequencydomain resources corresponding to the symbol.

Optionally, the transmit end maps the frequency domain signals to asubcarrier on which the second reference signal is not located on thefrequency domain resources corresponding to the symbol.

Optionally, the transmit end allocates transmit power based onpriorities when the transmit power is limited, where descending order ofthe priorities is from the control information to the second referencesignal.

Optionally, the transmit end allocates transmit power based onpriorities when the transmit power is limited, where the transmit enddetermines order of priorities of the control information and the secondreference signal based on a message type included in the controlinformation.

Optionally, when transmit power is limited, the transmit end discardsthe second reference signal, and sends the control information.

Optionally, when transmit power is limited, the transmit end discardsthe second reference signal, and sends information with a higherpriority in the control information.

Optionally, the symbol includes a first time domain resource and asecond time domain resource. When transmit power is limited, thetransmit end maps the control information and the first reference signalto the first time domain resource for sending, and maps the secondreference signal to the second time domain resource for sending.

Optionally, the symbol includes a first time domain resource and asecond time domain resource. When transmit power is limited, thetransmit end maps a first part of the control information and the firstreference signal to the first time domain resource for sending, and mapsa second part of the control information and the second reference signalto the second time domain resource for sending.

Optionally, a quantity of symbols that carry the control information is1 or 2.

Optionally, the quantity of symbols that carry the control informationis 2, the first reference signal is in the first symbol, and the controlinformation and the second reference signal are in the second symbol.

Optionally, the second reference signal is any one of the following: asounding reference signal, a demodulation reference signal, apositioning reference signal, a phase tracking reference signal, channelstate information reference information, and a reference signal fortransmitting control information.

Optionally, the first reference signal and the second reference signalare used for different subcarrier spacings or different service types ordifferent channel types, which may be different control channel types ormay be different control channel types and different service channeltypes.

Persons skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments ofthis application may be provided as a method, a system, or a computerprogram product. Therefore, this application may use a form of hardwareonly embodiments, software only embodiments, or embodiments with acombination of software and hardware. Moreover, this application may usea form of a computer program product that is implemented on one or morecomputer-usable storage media (including but not limited to a diskmemory, a CD-ROM, an optical memory, and the like) that include computerusable program code.

This application is described with reference to the flowcharts and/orblock diagrams of the method, the device (system), and the computerprogram product according to the embodiments of this application. Itshould be understood that computer program instructions may be used toimplement each process and/or each block in the flowcharts and/or theblock diagrams, and a combination of a process and/or a block in theflowcharts and/or the block diagrams. These computer programinstructions may be provided for a general-purpose computer, a dedicatedcomputer, an embedded processor, or a processor of any otherprogrammable data processing device to generate a machine, so that theinstructions executed by a computer or a processor of any otherprogrammable data processing device generate an apparatus forimplementing a specific function in one or more processes in theflowcharts and/or in one or more blocks in the block diagrams.

These computer program instructions may be stored in a computer readablememory that can instruct the computer or any other programmable dataprocessing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructionsstored in the computer readable memory generate an artifact thatincludes an instruction apparatus. The instruction apparatus implementsa specified function in one or more processes in the flowcharts and/orin one or more blocks in the block diagrams.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computeror another programmable data processing device, so that a series ofoperations and steps are performed on the computer or the anotherprogrammable device, thereby generating computer-implemented processing.Therefore, the instructions executed on the computer or the anotherprogrammable device provide steps for implementing a specified functionin one or more processes in the flowcharts and/or in one or more blocksin the block diagrams.

Although some embodiments of this application have been described,persons skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to theseembodiments once they learn the basic inventive concept. Therefore, thefollowing claims are intended to be construed as to cover theembodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scopeof this application.

Apparently, persons skilled in the art can make various modificationsand variations to the embodiments of this application without departingfrom the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this application. Inthis way, this application is intended to cover these modifications andvariations made to the embodiments of this application provided thatthey fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalenttechnologies of this application.

1. A communication method, comprising: obtaining a frequency hoppingparameter and resource allocation information of a to-be-transmittedmessage, wherein the frequency hopping parameter comprises at least oneof bandwidth part indication information, beam indication information,reference signal configuration information, subcarrier spacingindication information, transmission waveform indication information,slot type indication information, channel type indication information,or transmission carrier indication information; determining, based onthe resource allocation information and the frequency hopping parameter,a physical resource used to send the to-be-transmitted message, whereinthe physical resource comprises information about a frequency domainresource on which the to-be-transmitted message is mapped in at leastone time unit; and sending the to-be-transmitted message by using thephysical resource.
 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the atleast one time unit comprises at least one slot, or the at least onetime unit comprises at least one symbol in one slot.
 3. The methodaccording to claim 1, wherein the at least one time unit comprises atleast one symbol in one slot, and wherein the determining of thephysical resource used to send the to-be-transmitted message comprises:determining a frequency domain resource location at which theto-be-transmitted message is mapped in different symbols in one slot,wherein one slot includes a first part and a second part in time domain,wherein the first part includes first reference signals and a first datasymbol, wherein the second part includes a second data symbol, andwherein the different symbols in the slot include the first data symboland the second data symbol.
 4. The method according to claim 3, whereinthe second part further includes a second reference signal, and whereinthe second reference signal is located at a time domain start locationof the second part.
 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein theto-be-transmitted message comprises at least one of data, controlinformation, or a reference signal.
 6. A communication method,comprising: obtaining a frequency hopping parameter and resourceallocation information of a to-be-demodulated message, wherein thefrequency hopping parameter comprises at least one of bandwidth partindication information, beam indication information, reference signalconfiguration information, subcarrier spacing indication information,transmission waveform indication information, slot type indicationinformation, channel type indication information, or transmissioncarrier indication information; determining, based on the resourceallocation information and the frequency hopping parameter, a physicalresource used by the to-be-demodulated message, wherein the physicalresource comprises information about a frequency domain resource onwhich the to-be-demodulated message is mapped in at least one time unit;and demodulating the to-be-demodulated message by using the physicalresource.
 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the at least onetime unit comprises at least one slot, or the at least one time unitcomprises at least one symbol in one slot.
 8. The method according toclaim 6, wherein the at least one time unit comprises at least onesymbol in one slot, and wherein the determining of the physical resourceused by the to-be-demodulated message comprises: determining a frequencydomain resource location at which the to-be-demodulated message ismapped in different symbols in one slot, wherein one slot includes afirst part and a second part in time domain, wherein the first partincludes first reference signals and a first data symbol, wherein thesecond part includes a second data symbol, and wherein the differentsymbols in the slot include the first data symbol and the second datasymbol.
 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the second partfurther includes a second reference signal, and wherein the secondreference signal is located at a time domain start location of thesecond part.
 10. The method according to claim 6, wherein theto-be-demodulated message comprises at least one of data, controlinformation, or a reference signal.
 11. An apparatus, comprising: anon-transitory computer-readable storage medium including executableinstructions; and at least one processor, wherein the executableinstructions, when executed by the at least one processor, cause theapparatus to: obtain a frequency hopping parameter and resourceallocation information of a to-be-transmitted message, wherein thefrequency hopping parameter comprises at least one of bandwidth partindication information, beam indication information, reference signalconfiguration information, subcarrier spacing indication information,transmission waveform indication information, slot type indicationinformation, channel type indication information, or transmissioncarrier indication information; determine, based on the resourceallocation information and the frequency hopping parameter, a physicalresource used to send the to-be-transmitted message, wherein thephysical resource comprises information about a frequency domainresource on which the to-be-transmitted message is mapped in at leastone time unit; and send the to-be-transmitted message by using thephysical resource.
 12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein theat least one time unit comprises at least one slot, or the at least onetime unit comprises at least one symbol in one slot.
 13. The apparatusaccording to claim 11, wherein the at least one time unit comprises atleast one symbol in one slot, and wherein the executable instructions,when executed by the at least one processor, further cause the apparatusto: determine a frequency domain resource location at which theto-be-transmitted message is mapped in different symbols in one slot,wherein one slot includes a first part and a second part in time domain,wherein the first part includes first reference signals and a first datasymbol, wherein the second part includes a second data symbol, andwherein the different symbols in the slot include the first data symboland the second data symbol.
 14. The apparatus according to claim 13,wherein the second part further includes a second reference signal, andwherein the second reference signal is located at a time domain startlocation of the second part.
 15. The apparatus according to claim 11,wherein the to-be-transmitted message comprises at least one of data,control information, or a reference signal.
 16. An apparatus,comprising: a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium includingexecutable instructions; and at least one processor, wherein theexecutable instructions, when executed by the at least one processor,cause the apparatus to: obtain a frequency hopping parameter andresource allocation information of a to-be-demodulated message, whereinthe frequency hopping parameter comprises at least one of bandwidth partindication information, beam indication information, reference signalconfiguration information, subcarrier spacing indication information,transmission waveform indication information, slot type indicationinformation, channel type indication information, or transmissioncarrier indication information; determine, based on the resourceallocation information and the frequency hopping parameter, a physicalresource used by the to-be-demodulated message, wherein the physicalresource comprises information about a frequency domain resource onwhich the to-be-demodulated message is mapped in at least one time unit;and demodulate the to-be-demodulated message by using the physicalresource.
 17. The apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the at leastone time unit comprises at least one slot, or the at least one time unitcomprises at least one symbol in one slot.
 18. The apparatus accordingto claim 16, wherein the at least one time unit comprises at least onesymbol in one slot, and wherein the executable instructions, whenexecuted by the at least one processor, further cause the apparatus to:determine a frequency domain resource location at which theto-be-demodulated message is mapped in different symbols in one slot,wherein one slot includes a first part and a second part in time domain,wherein the first part includes first reference signals and a first datasymbol, wherein the second part includes a second data symbol, andwherein the different symbols in the slot include the first data symboland the second data symbol.
 19. The apparatus according to claim 18,wherein the second part further includes a second reference signal, andwherein the second reference signal is located at a time domain startlocation of the second part.
 20. The apparatus according to claim 16,wherein the to-be-demodulated message comprises at least one of data,control information, or a reference signal.